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228 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
228 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
---
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language: stylus
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filename: learnStylus.styl
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contributors:
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- ["Salomão Neto", "https://github.com/salomaosnff"]
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- ["Isaac Henrique", "https://github.com/Isaachi1"]
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translators:
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- ["Divay Prakash", "https://github.com/divayprakash"]
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---
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Stylus is a dynamic stylesheet preprocessor language that is compiled into CSS. It aims to add functionality to CSS without breaking compatibility across web browsers.
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It does this using variables, nesting, mixins, functions and more.
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Stylus syntax is very flexible. You can use standard CSS syntax and leave the semicolon (;), colon (:) and even the ({) and (}) optional, making your code even more readable.
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Stylus does not provide new style options, but gives functionality that lets you make your CSS much more dynamic.
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```sass
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/* Code style
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==============================*/
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/* Keys, semicolon, and colon are optional in Stylus. */
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body {
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background: #000;
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}
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body {
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background: #000
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}
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body {
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background #000
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}
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body
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background #000
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body
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background: #000;
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body
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background: #000
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// Single-line comments are removed when Stylus is compiled into CSS.
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/* Multi-line comments are preserved. */
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/* Selectors
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==============================*/
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/* Selecting elements within another element */
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body {
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background: #000000;
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h1 {
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color: #FF0000;
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}
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}
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/* Or if you prefer... */
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body
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background #000000
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h1
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color #FF0000
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/* Getting parent element reference
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==============================*/
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a {
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color: #0088dd;
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&:hover {
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color: #DD8800;
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}
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}
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/* Variables
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==============================*/
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/*
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You can store a CSS value (such as the color) of a variable.
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Although it is optional, it is recommended to add $ before a variable name
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so you can distinguish a variable from another CSS value.
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*/
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$primary-color = #A3A4FF
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$secondary-color = #51527F
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$body-font = 'Roboto', sans-serif
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/* You can use variables throughout your style sheet.
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Now, if you want to change the color, you only have to make the change once. */
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body
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background-color $primary-color
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color $secondary-color
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font-family $body-font
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/* After compilation: */
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body {
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background-color: #A3A4FF;
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color: #51527F;
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font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;
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}
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/ *
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This is much easier to maintain than having to change color
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each time it appears throughout your style sheet.
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* /
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/* Mixins
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==============================*/
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/* If you find that you are writing the same code for more than one
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element, you may want to store that code in a mixin.
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center()
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display block
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margin-left auto
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margin-right auto
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left 0
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right 0
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/* Using the mixin */
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body {
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center()
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background-color: $primary-color
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}
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/* After compilation: */
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div {
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display: block;
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margin-left: auto;
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margin-right: auto;
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left: 0;
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right: 0;
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background-color: #A3A4FF;
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}
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/* You can use mixins to create a shorthand property. */
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size($width, $height)
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width $width
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height $height
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.rectangle
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size(100px, 60px)
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.square
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size(40px, 40px)
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/* You can use a mixin as a CSS property. */
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circle($ratio)
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width $ratio * 2
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height $ratio * 2
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border-radius $ratio
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.ball
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circle 25px
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/* Interpolation
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==============================*/
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vendor(prop, args)
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-webkit-{prop} args
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-moz-{prop} args
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{prop} args
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border-radius()
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vendor('border-radius', arguments)
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box-shadow()
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vendor('box-shadow', arguments)
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button
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border-radius 1px 2px / 3px 4px
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/* Functions
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==============================*/
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/* Functions in Stylus allow you to perform a variety of tasks, such as recalling some data. */
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body {
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background darken(#0088DD, 50%) // Dim color #0088DD by 50%
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}
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/* Creating your own function */
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add(a, b)
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a + b
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body
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padding add(10px, 5)
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/* Conditions
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==============================*/
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compare(a, b)
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if a > b
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bigger
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else if a < b
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smaller
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else
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equal
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compare(5, 2) // => bigger
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compare(1, 5) // => smaller
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compare(10, 10) // => equal
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/* Iterations
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==============================*/
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/*
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Repeat loop syntax for:
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for <val-name> [, <key-name>] in <expression>
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*/
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for $item in (1..2) /* Repeat block 12 times */
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.col-{$item}
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width ($item / 12) * 100% /* Calculate row by column number */
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```
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Now that you know a little about this powerful CSS preprocessor, you're ready to create more dynamic style sheets. To learn more, visit the official stylus documentation at [stylus-lang.com](https://stylus-lang.com).
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