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translated subtopic about Docker
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@ -1773,10 +1773,60 @@ When developing server applications, different API formats can be used, dependin
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- ### Docker
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[Docker](<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Docker_(software)>) a special program that allows you to run isolated sandboxes (containers) with different preinstalled environments (be it a specific operating system, a database, etc.). [Containerization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OS-level_virtualization) technology, that Docker provides is similar to virtual machines, but unlike virtual machines, containers use the host OS kernel, which requires far fewer resources.
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- Docker image
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> A special fixed template that contains a description of the environment to run the application (OS, source code, libraries, environment variables, configuration files, etc.). The images can be downloaded from [official site](https://hub.docker.com/search?type=image) and used to create your own.
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- Docker container
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> An isolated environment created from an image. It is essentially a running process on a computer which internally contains the environment described in the image.
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- Console commands
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```bash
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docker pull [image_name] # Download the image
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docker images # List of available images
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docker run [image_id] # Running a container based on the selected image
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# Some flags for the run command:
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-d # Starting with a return to the console
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--name [name] # Name the container
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--rm # Remove the container after stopping
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-p [local_port][port_iside_container] # Port forwarding
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docker build [path_to_Dockerfile] # Creating an image based on a Dockerfile
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docker ps # List of running containers
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docker ps -a # List of all containers
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docker stop [id/container_name] # Stop the container
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docker start [id/container_name] # Start an existing container
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docker attach [id/container_name] # Connect to the container console
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docker logs [id/container_name] # Output the container logs
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docker rm [id/container_name] # Delete container
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docker container prune # Delete all containers
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docker rmi [image_id] # Delete image
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```
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- Instructions for Dockerfile
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> Dockerfile is a file with a set of instructions and arguments for creating images.
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```bash
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FROM [image_name] # Setting a base image
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WORKDIR [path] # Setting the root directory inside the container
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COPY [path_relative_Dockefile] [path_in_container] # Copying files
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ADD [path] [path] # Similar to the command above
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RUN [command] # A command that runs only when the image is initialized
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CMD ["command"] # The command that runs every time you start the container
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ENV KEY="VALUE" # Setting Environment Variables
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ARG KEY=VALUE # Setting variables to pass to Docker during image building
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ENTRYPOINT ["command"] # The command that runs when the container is running
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EXPOSE port/protocol # Indicates the need to open a port
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VOLUME ["path"] # Creates a mount point for working with persistent storage
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```
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- Docker-compose
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> A tool for defining and running multi-container Docker applications. It allows you to define the services that make up your application in a single file, and then start and stop all of the services with a single command. In a sense, it is a Dockerfile on maximal.
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<details>
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<summary>🔗 <b>References</b></summary>
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</details>
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1. 📺 [**Learn Docker in 7 Easy Steps - Full Beginner's Tutorial** – YouTube](https://youtu.be/gAkwW2tuIqE)
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2. 📺 [**Docker Crash Course Tutorial (playlist)** – YouTube](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4cUxeGkcC9hxjeEtdHFNYMtCpjNBm3h7)
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3. 📄 [**The Ultimate Docker Cheat Sheet**](https://dockerlabs.collabnix.com/docker/cheatsheet/)
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4. 📺 [**Docker Compose Tutorial** – YouTube](https://youtu.be/HG6yIjZapSA)
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5. 📺 [**Docker networking – everything you need to know** – YouTube](https://youtu.be/bKFMS5C4CG0)
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</details>
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<div align="right"><a href="#top">Contents ⬆️</a></div>
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