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< ol class = "chapter" > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "../index.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 1.< / strong > Introduction< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "start/index.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 2.< / strong > Quick Start< / a > < / li > < li > < ol class = "section" > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "start/iso.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 2.1.< / strong > ISO< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "start/bootstrapping.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 2.2.< / strong > Bootstrapping< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "start/from-nixos.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 2.3.< / strong > From NixOS< / a > < / li > < / ol > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "concepts/index.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 3.< / strong > Key Concepts< / a > < / li > < li > < ol class = "section" > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "concepts/hosts.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 3.1.< / strong > Hosts< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "concepts/overrides.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 3.2.< / strong > Overrides< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "concepts/profiles.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 3.3.< / strong > Profiles< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "concepts/suites.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 3.4.< / strong > Suites< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "concepts/users.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 3.5.< / strong > Users< / a > < / li > < / ol > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "outputs/index.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 4.< / strong > Outputs< / a > < / li > < li > < ol class = "section" > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "outputs/modules.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 4.1.< / strong > Modules< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "outputs/overlays.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 4.2.< / strong > Overlays< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "outputs/pkgs.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 4.3.< / strong > Packages< / a > < / li > < / ol > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < div > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 5.< / strong > Concerns< / div > < / li > < li > < ol class = "section" > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "secrets.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 5.1.< / strong > Secrets< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "tests.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 5.2.< / strong > Tests< / a > < / li > < / ol > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "bud/index.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 6.< / strong > Helper Script – < / a > < / li > < li > < ol class = "section" > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "bud/get.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 6.1.< / strong > get< / a > < / li > < / ol > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "integrations/index.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 7.< / strong > Integrations< / a > < / li > < li > < ol class = "section" > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "integrations/cachix.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 7.1.< / strong > Cachix< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "integrations/deploy.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 7.2.< / strong > Deploy RS< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "integrations/nvfetcher.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 7.3.< / strong > NvFetcher< / a > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "integrations/hercules.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 7.4.< / strong > Hercules CI< / a > < / li > < / ol > < / li > < li class = "chapter-item expanded " > < a href = "CONTRIBUTING.html" > < strong aria-hidden = "true" > 8.< / strong > Contributing< / a > < / li > < / ol >
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< main >
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< p > < a href = "https://nixos.org" > < img src = "https://img.shields.io/badge/NixOS-unstable-blue.svg?style=flat&logo=NixOS&logoColor=white" alt = "NixOS" / > < / a >
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< a href = "https://mit-license.org" > < img src = "https://img.shields.io/github/license/divnix/devos" alt = "MIT License" / > < / a >
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< a href = "https://matrix.to/#/#devos:nixos.org" > < img src = "https://img.shields.io/matrix/devos:nixos.org.svg?label=%23devos%3Anixos.org&logo=matrix&server_fqdn=matrix.org" alt = "Chat" / > < / a > < / p >
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< blockquote >
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< h4 id = "-advisory-" > < a class = "header" href = "#-advisory-" > ⚠ Advisory ⚠< / a > < / h4 >
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< p > DevOS requires the < a href = "https://nixos.wiki/wiki/Flakes" > flakes< / a > feature available via an < em > experimental< / em >
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branch of < a href = "https://nixos.org/manual/nix/stable" > nix< / a > . Until nix 2.4 is released, this project
should be considered unstable.< / p >
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< / blockquote >
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< h3 id = "why" > < a class = "header" href = "#why" > Why?< / a > < / h3 >
< p > Make an awesome template for NixOS users, with consideration for common tools like < a href = "https://nix-community.github.io/home-manager" > home-manager< / a > ,
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< a href = "https://github.com/numtide/devshell" > devshell< / a > , and < a href = ".././doc/integrations" > more< / a > .< / p >
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< h3 id = "no-why-flakes" > < a class = "header" href = "#no-why-flakes" > No. Why < em > flakes< / em > ?< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > Flakes are a part of an explicit push to improve < a href = "https://github.com/NixOS/nix/blob/master/doc/manual/src/contributing/cli-guideline.md" > Nix's UX< / a > , and have become an integral part of that effort. < / p >
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< p > They also make < a href = "https://nixos.org/manual/nix/unstable/expressions/expression-syntax.html" > Nix expressions< / a > easier to distribute and reuse with convient < a href = "https://github.com/NixOS/nix/blob/master/src/nix/flake.md#flake-references" > flake references< / a > for building or using packages, modules, and whole systems.< / p >
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< h2 id = "getting-started" > < a class = "header" href = "#getting-started" > Getting Started< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Check out the < a href = "https://devos.divnix.com/start" > guide< / a > to get up and running.
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Also, have a look at < a href = ".././flake.nix" > < em > flake.nix< / em > < / a > . If anything is not immediately
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discoverable via " < a href = "https://github.com/divnix/digga" > < code > digga< / code > < / a > 's < a href = "https://github.com/divnix/digga/tree/main/src/mkFlake" > < code > mkFlake< / code > < / a > ,
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please file a bug report.< / p >
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< h3 id = "status-beta" > < a class = "header" href = "#status-beta" > Status: Beta< / a > < / h3 >
< p > Although this project has already matured quite a bit, especially through
recent outfactoring of < a href = "https://github.com/divnix/digga" > < code > digga< / code > < / a > , a fair amount of api polishing is still
expected. There are unstable versions (0.< em > x< / em > .< em > x< / em > ) to help users keep track
of changes and progress, and a < a href = "https://github.com/divnix/devos/tree/develop" > < code > develop< / code > < / a > branch for the brave 😜< / p >
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< h2 id = "in-the-wild" > < a class = "header" href = "#in-the-wild" > In the Wild< / a > < / h2 >
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< ul >
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< li > @Pacman99: < a href = "https://gitlab.com/coffeetables/lower" > Personal< / a > , < a href = "https://gitlab.com/coffeetables/myrdd" > Server< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://github.com/danielphan2003/flk" > @danielphan2003< / a > and make sure to also check out < a href = "https://github.com/divnix/devos-ext-lib" > devos-ext-lib< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://git.sr.ht/%7Eb12f/pub-solar-os" > PubSolarOS< / a > < / li >
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< / ul >
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< h2 id = "shoulders" > < a class = "header" href = "#shoulders" > Shoulders< / a > < / h2 >
< p > This work does not reinvent the wheel. It stands on the < a href = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standing_on_the_shoulders_of_giants" > shoulders of the
following giants< / a > :< / p >
< h3 id = "onion--like-the-layers-of-an-onion" > < a class = "header" href = "#onion--like-the-layers-of-an-onion" > :onion: — like the layers of an onion< / a > < / h3 >
< ul >
< li > < a href = "https://github.com/divnix/digga" > < code > divnix/digga< / code > < / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://github.com/gytis-ivaskevicius/flake-utils-plus" > < code > gytis-ivaskevicius/flake-utils-plus< / code > < / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://github.com/numtide/flake-utils" > < code > numtide/flake-utils< / code > < / a > < / li >
< / ul >
< h3 id = "family--like-family" > < a class = "header" href = "#family--like-family" > :family: — like family< / a > < / h3 >
< ul >
< li > < a href = "https://github.com/numtide/devshell" > < code > numtide/devshell< / code > < / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://github.com/serokell/deploy-rs" > < code > serokell/deploy-rs< / code > < / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "https://github.com/berberman/nvfetcher" > < code > berberman/nvfetcher< / code > < / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs" > < code > NixOS/nixpkgs< / code > < / a > < / li >
< / ul >
< p > :heart:< / p >
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< h2 id = "inspiration--art" > < a class = "header" href = "#inspiration--art" > Inspiration & Art< / a > < / h2 >
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< ul >
< li > < a href = "https://github.com/hlissner/dotfiles" > hlissner/dotfiles< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://github.com/nix-community/nix-user-chroot" > nix-user-chroot< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://github.com/tweag/nickel" > Nickel< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://github.com/nix-community/awesome-nix" > Awesome Nix< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://github.com/numtide/devshell" > devshell< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
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< h2 id = "divnix" > < a class = "header" href = "#divnix" > Divnix< / a > < / h2 >
2022-02-04 15:37:09 +03:00
< p > The divnix org is an open space that spontaneously formed out of " the Nix" .
It is really just a place where otherwise unrelated people work
together and get stuff done.< / p >
< p > It's a place to stop " geeking out in isolation" (or within company boundaries).
A place to experiment, learn together, and iterate quickly on best practices.
That's what it is.< / p >
< p > It might eventually become a non-profit if that's not too complicated or, if those
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goals are sufficiently upstreamed into " the Nix" , dissolved.< / p >
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< h1 id = "license" > < a class = "header" href = "#license" > License< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > DevOS is licensed under the < a href = "https://mit-license.org" > MIT License< / a > .< / p >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "quick-start" > < a class = "header" href = "#quick-start" > Quick Start< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > The only dependency is nix, so make sure you have it < a href = "https://nixos.org/manual/nix/stable/#sect-multi-user-installation" > installed< / a > .< / p >
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< h2 id = "get-the-template" > < a class = "header" href = "#get-the-template" > Get the Template< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Here is a snippet that will get you the template without the git history:< / p >
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< pre > < code class = "language-sh" > nix-shell -p cachix --run " cachix use nrdxp"
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nix-shell https://github.com/divnix/devos/archive/main.tar.gz -A shell \
--run " bud get main"
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cd devos
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nix-shell
git init
git add .
git commit -m init
< / code > < / pre >
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< p > This will place you in a new folder named < code > devos< / code > with git initialized, and a
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nix-shell that provides all the dependencies, including the unstable nix
version required.< / p >
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< p > In addition, the < a href = "start/../integrations/cachix.html" > binary cache< / a > is added for faster deployment.< / p >
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< blockquote >
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< h5 id = "notes" > < a class = "header" href = "#notes" > < em > Notes:< / em > < / a > < / h5 >
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< ul >
< li > Flakes ignore files that have not been added to git, so be sure to stage new
files before building the system.< / li >
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< li > You can choose to simply clone the repo with git if you want to follow
upstream changes.< / li >
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< li > If the < code > nix-shell -p cachix --run " cachix use nrdxp" < / code > line doesn't work
you can try with sudo: < code > sudo nix-shell -p cachix --run " cachix use nrdxp" < / code > < / li >
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< / ul >
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< / blockquote >
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< h2 id = "next-steps" > < a class = "header" href = "#next-steps" > Next Steps:< / a > < / h2 >
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< ul >
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< li > < a href = "start/./iso.html" > Make installable ISO< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "start/./bootstrapping.html" > Bootstrap Host< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "start/./from-nixos.html" > Already on NixOS< / a > < / li >
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< / ul >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "iso" > < a class = "header" href = "#iso" > ISO< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > Making and writing an installable iso for < code > hosts/bootstrap.nix< / code > is as simple as:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-sh" > bud build bootstrap bootstrapIso
sudo -E $(which bud) burn
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< / code > < / pre >
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< p > This works for any host.< / p >
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< h2 id = "iso-image-nix-store--cache" > < a class = "header" href = "#iso-image-nix-store--cache" > ISO image nix store & cache< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > The iso image holds the store to the live environment and < em > also< / em > acts as a binary cache
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to the installer. To considerably speed up things, the image already includes all flake
< code > inputs< / code > as well as the < code > devshell< / code > closures.< / p >
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< p > While you < em > could< / em > provision any machine with a single stick, a custom-made iso for
the host you want to install DevOS to, maximises those local cache hits.< / p >
< p > For hosts that don't differ too much, a single usb stick might be ok, whereas when
there are bigger differences, a custom-made usb stick will be considerably faster.< / p >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "bootstrapping" > < a class = "header" href = "#bootstrapping" > Bootstrapping< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > This will help you boostrap a bare host with the help of the
< a href = "start/./iso.html" > bespoke iso< / a > live installer.< / p >
< p > < em > Note: nothing prevents you from remotely executing the boostrapping
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process. See below.< / em > < / p >
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< p > Once your target host has booted into the live iso, you need to partition
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and format your disk according to the < a href = "https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/stable/index.html#sec-installation-partitioning" > official manual< / a > .< / p >
< h2 id = "mount-partitions" > < a class = "header" href = "#mount-partitions" > Mount partitions< / a > < / h2 >
< p > Then properly mount the formatted partitions at < code > /mnt< / code > , so that you can
install your system to those new partitions.< / p >
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< p > Mount < code > nixos< / code > partition to < code > /mnt< / code > and — for UEFI — < code > boot< / code >
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partition to < code > /mnt/boot< / code > :< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-console" > $ mount /dev/disk/by-label/nixos /mnt
$ mkdir -p /mnt/boot & & mount /dev/disk/by-label/boot /mnt/boot # UEFI only
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$ swapon /dev/disk/by-label/swap
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< / code > < / pre >
< p > Add some extra space to the store. In the iso, it's running on a tmpfs
off your RAM:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-console" > $ mkdir -p /mnt/tmpstore/{work,store}
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$ mount -t overlay overlay -olowerdir=/nix/store,upperdir=/mnt/tmpstore/store,workdir=/mnt/tmpstore/work /nix/store
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< / code > < / pre >
< h2 id = "install" > < a class = "header" href = "#install" > Install< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Install off of a copy of devos from the time the iso was built:< / p >
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< pre > < code class = "language-console" > $ cd /iso/devos
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$ nixos-install --flake .#NixOS
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< / code > < / pre >
< h2 id = "notes-of-interest" > < a class = "header" href = "#notes-of-interest" > Notes of interest< / a > < / h2 >
< h3 id = "remote-access-to-the-live-installer" > < a class = "header" href = "#remote-access-to-the-live-installer" > Remote access to the live installer< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > The iso live installer comes preconfigured with a network configuration
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which announces it's hostname via < a href = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multicast_DNS" > MulticastDNS< / a > as < code > hostname.local< / code > ,
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that is < code > bootstrap.local< / code > in the < a href = "start/./iso" > iso example< / a > .< / p >
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< p > In the rare case that < a href = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multicast_DNS" > MulticastDNS< / a > is not availabe or turned off
in your network, there is a static link-local IPv6 address configured to
< code > fe80::47< / code > (mnemonic from the letter's position in the english alphabet:
< code > n=14 i=9 x=24; 47 = n+i+x< / code > ).< / p >
< p > Provided that you have added your public key to the authorized keys of the
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< code > root< / code > user < em > (hint: < a href = "start/../integrations/deploy.html" > < code > deploy-rs< / code > < / a > needs passwordless
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sudo access)< / em > :< / p >
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< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > { ... }:
{
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users.users.root.openssh.authorizedKeys.keyFiles = [
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../secrets/path/to/key.pub
];
}
< / code > < / pre >
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< p > You can then ssh into the live installer through one of the
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following options:< / p >
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< pre > < code class = "language-console" > ssh root@bootstrap.local
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ssh root@fe80::47%eno1 # where eno1 is your network interface on which you are linked to the target
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< / code > < / pre >
< p > < em > Note: the < a href = "https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7404" > static link-local IPv6 address< / a > and < a href = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multicast_DNS" > MulticastDNS< / a > is only
configured on the live installer. If you wish to enable < a href = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multicast_DNS" > MulticastDNS< / a >
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for your environment, you ought to configure that in a regular < a href = "start/../concepts/profiles.html" > profile< / a > .< / em > < / p >
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< h3 id = "eui-64-lla--host-identity" > < a class = "header" href = "#eui-64-lla--host-identity" > EUI-64 LLA & Host Identity< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > The iso's IPv6 Link Local Address (LLA) is configured with a static 64-bit Extended
Unique Identifiers (EUI-64) that is derived from the host interface's Message
Authentication Code (MAC) address.< / p >
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< p > After a little while (a few seconds), you can remotely discover this unique and host
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specific address over < a href = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neighbor_Discovery_Protocol" > NDP< / a > for example with:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-console" > ip -6 neigh show # also shows fe80::47
< / code > < / pre >
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< p > < em > < strong > This LLA is stable for the host, unless you need to swap that particular network card.< / strong > < / em >
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Under this reservation, though, you may use this EUI-64 to wire up a specific
(cryptographic) host identity.< / p >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "from-nixos" > < a class = "header" href = "#from-nixos" > From NixOS< / a > < / h1 >
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< h2 id = "generate-configuration" > < a class = "header" href = "#generate-configuration" > Generate Configuration< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Assuming you're happy with your existing partition layout, you can generate a
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basic NixOS configuration for your system using:< / p >
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< pre > < code class = "language-sh" > bud up
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< / code > < / pre >
< p > This will make a new file < code > hosts/up-$(hostname).nix< / code > , which you can edit to
your liking.< / p >
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< p > You must then add a host to < code > nixos.hosts< / code > in flake.nix:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > {
nixos.hosts = {
modules = hosts/NixOS.nix;
};
}
< / code > < / pre >
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< p > Make sure your < code > i18n.defaultLocale< / code > and < code > time.timeZone< / code > are set properly for
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your region. Keep in mind that < code > networking.hostName< / code > will be automatically
set to the name of your host;< / p >
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< p > Now might be a good time to read the docs on < a href = "start/../concepts/suites.html" > suites< / a > and
< a href = "start/../concepts/profiles.html" > profiles< / a > and add or create any that you need.< / p >
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< blockquote >
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< h5 id = "note" > < a class = "header" href = "#note" > < em > Note:< / em > < / a > < / h5 >
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< p > While the < code > up< / code > sub-command is provided as a convenience to quickly set up and
install a " fresh" NixOS system on current hardware, committing these files is
discouraged.< / p >
< p > They are placed in the git staging area automatically because they would be
invisible to the flake otherwise, but it is best to move what you need from
them directly into a host module of your own making, and commit that instead.< / p >
< / blockquote >
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< h1 id = "installation" > < a class = "header" href = "#installation" > Installation< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > Once you're ready to deploy < code > hosts/my-host.nix< / code > :< / p >
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< pre > < code class = "language-sh" > bud my-host switch
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< / code > < / pre >
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< p > This calls < code > nixos-rebuild< / code > with sudo to build and install your configuration.< / p >
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< blockquote >
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< h5 id = "notes-1" > < a class = "header" href = "#notes-1" > < em > Notes:< / em > < / a > < / h5 >
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< ul >
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< li > Instead of < code > switch< / code > , you can pass < code > build< / code > , < code > test< / code > , < code > boot< / code > , etc just as with
< code > nixos-rebuild< / code > .< / li >
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< / ul >
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< / blockquote >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "key-concepts" > < a class = "header" href = "#key-concepts" > Key Concepts< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > Key concepts are derived from < a href = "https://github.com/divnix/digga" > digga< / a > . Please refer to its
< a href = "https://digga.divnix.com" > docs< / a > for more details.< / p >
< p > This section is dedicated to helping you develop a more hands on
understanding of them them.< / p >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "hosts" > < a class = "header" href = "#hosts" > Hosts< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > Nix flakes contain an output called < code > nixosConfigurations< / code > declaring an
attribute set of valid NixOS systems. To simplify the management and creation
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of these hosts, devos automatically imports every < em > .nix< / em > file inside this
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directory to the mentioned attribute set, applying the projects defaults to
each. The only hard requirement is that the file contain a valid NixOS module.< / p >
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< p > As an example, a file < code > hosts/system.nix< / code > or < code > hosts/system/default.nix< / code > will
be available via the flake output < code > nixosConfigurations.system< / code > . You can have
as many hosts as you want and all of them will be automatically imported based
on their name.< / p >
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< p > For each host, the configuration automatically sets the < code > networking.hostName< / code >
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attribute to the folder name or name of the file minus the < em > .nix< / em > extension. This
is for convenience, since < code > nixos-rebuild< / code > automatically searches for a configuration
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matching the current systems hostname if one is not specified explicitly.< / p >
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< p > You can set channels, systems, and add extra modules to each host by editing the
< code > nixos.hosts< / code > argument in flake.nix. This is the perfect place to import
host specific modules from external sources, such as the
< a href = "https://github.com/NixOS/nixos-hardware" > nixos-hardware< / a > repository.< / p >
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< p > It is recommended that the host modules only contain configuration information
specific to a particular piece of hardware. Anything reusable across machines
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is best saved for < a href = "concepts/./profiles.html" > profile modules< / a > .< / p >
< p > This is a good place to import sets of profiles, called < a href = "concepts/./suites.html" > suites< / a > ,
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that you intend to use on your machine.< / p >
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< h2 id = "example" > < a class = "header" href = "#example" > Example< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > flake.nix:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > {
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nixos = {
imports = [ (devos.lib.importHosts ./hosts) ];
hosts = {
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librem = {
channelName = " latest" ;
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modules = [ nixos-hardware.nixosModules.purism-librem-13v3 ];
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};
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};
};
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}
< / code > < / pre >
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< p > hosts/librem.nix:< / p >
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< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > { suites, ... }:
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{
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imports = suites.laptop;
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boot.loader.systemd-boot.enable = true;
boot.loader.efi.canTouchEfiVariables = true;
fileSystems." /" = { device = " /dev/disk/by-label/nixos" ; };
}
< / code > < / pre >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "overrides" > < a class = "header" href = "#overrides" > Overrides< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > Each NixOS host follows one channel. But many times it is useful to get packages
or modules from different channels.< / p >
< h2 id = "packages" > < a class = "header" href = "#packages" > Packages< / a > < / h2 >
< p > You can make use of < code > overlays/overrides.nix< / code > to override specific packages in the
default channel to be pulled from other channels. That file is simply an example
of how any overlay can get < code > channels< / code > as their first argument.< / p >
< p > You can add overlays to any channel to override packages from other channels.< / p >
< p > Pulling the manix package from the < code > latest< / code > channel:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > channels: final: prev: {
__dontExport = true;
inherit (pkgs.latest) manix;
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}
< / code > < / pre >
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< p > It is recommended to set the < code > __dontExport< / code > property for override specific
overlays. < code > overlays/overrides.nix< / code > is the best place to consolidate all package
overrides and the property is already set for you.< / p >
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< h2 id = "modules" > < a class = "header" href = "#modules" > Modules< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > You can also pull modules from other channels. All modules have access to the
< code > modulesPath< / code > for each channel as < code > < channelName> ModulesPath< / code > . And you can use
< code > disabledModules< / code > to remove modules from the current channel.< / p >
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< p > To pull zsh module from the < code > latest< / code > channel this code can be placed in any module, whether its your host file, a profile, or a module in ./modules etc:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > { latestModulesPath }:
{
imports = [ " ${latestModulesPath}/programs/zsh/zsh.nix" ];
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disabledModules = [ " programs/zsh/zsh.nix" ];
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}
< / code > < / pre >
< blockquote >
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< h5 id = "note-1" > < a class = "header" href = "#note-1" > < em > Note:< / em > < / a > < / h5 >
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< p > Sometimes a modules name will change from one branch to another.< / p >
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< / blockquote >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "profiles" > < a class = "header" href = "#profiles" > Profiles< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > Profiles are a convenient shorthand for the < a href = "https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/stable/index.html#sec-option-definitions" > < em > definition< / em > < / a > of
< a href = "https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/stable/index.html#sec-writing-modules" > options< / a > in contrast to their < a href = "https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/stable/index.html#sec-option-declarations" > < em > declaration< / em > < / a > . They're
built into the NixOS module system for a reason: to elegantly provide a clear
separation of concerns.< / p >
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< h2 id = "creation" > < a class = "header" href = "#creation" > Creation< / a > < / h2 >
< p > Profiles are created with the < code > rakeLeaves< / code > function which recursively collects
< code > .nix< / code > files from within a folder. The recursion stops at folders with a < code > default.nix< / code >
in them. You end up with an attribute set with leaves(paths to profiles) or
nodes(attrsets leading to more nodes or leaves).< / p >
< p > A profile is used for quick modularization of < a href = "concepts/./profiles.html#subprofiles" > interelated bits< / a > .< / p >
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< blockquote >
< h5 id = "notes-2" > < a class = "header" href = "#notes-2" > < em > Notes:< / em > < / a > < / h5 >
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< ul >
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< li > For < em > declaring< / em > module options, there's the < a href = "concepts/../outputs/modules.html" > modules< / a > directory.< / li >
< li > This directory takes inspiration from
< a href = "https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/tree/master/nixos/modules/profiles" > upstream< / a >
.< / li >
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< / ul >
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< / blockquote >
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< h3 id = "nested-profiles" > < a class = "header" href = "#nested-profiles" > Nested profiles< / a > < / h3 >
< p > Profiles can be nested in attribute sets due to the recursive nature of < code > rakeLeaves< / code > .
This can be useful to have a set of profiles created for a specific purpose. It is
sometimes useful to have a < code > common< / code > profile that has high level concerns related
to all its sister profiles.< / p >
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< h3 id = "example-1" > < a class = "header" href = "#example-1" > Example< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > profiles/develop/common.nix:< / p >
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< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > {
imports = [ ./zsh ];
# some generic development concerns ...
}
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< / code > < / pre >
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< p > profiles/develop/zsh.nix:< / p >
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< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > { ... }:
{
programs.zsh.enable = true;
# zsh specific options ...
}
< / code > < / pre >
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< p > The examples above will end up with a profiles set like this:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > {
develop = {
common = ./profiles/develop/common.nix;
zsh = ./profiles/develop/zsh.nix;
};
}
< / code > < / pre >
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< h2 id = "conclusion" > < a class = "header" href = "#conclusion" > Conclusion< / a > < / h2 >
< p > Profiles are the most important concept in DevOS. They allow us to keep our
Nix expressions self contained and modular. This way we can maximize reuse
across hosts while minimizing boilerplate. Remember, anything machine
specific belongs in your < a href = "concepts/hosts.html" > host< / a > files instead.< / p >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "suites" > < a class = "header" href = "#suites" > Suites< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > Suites provide a mechanism for users to easily combine and name collections of
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profiles.< / p >
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< p > < code > suites< / code > are defined in the < code > importables< / code > argument in either the < code > home< / code > or < code > nixos< / code >
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namespace. They are a special case of an < code > importable< / code > which is passed as a special
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argument (one that can be use in an < code > imports< / code > line) to your hosts. All lists defined
in < code > suites< / code > are flattened and type-checked as paths.< / p >
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< h2 id = "definition" > < a class = "header" href = "#definition" > Definition< / a > < / h2 >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > rec {
workstation = [ profiles.develop profiles.graphical users.nixos ];
mobileWS = workstation ++ [ profiles.laptop ];
}
< / code > < / pre >
< h2 id = "usage" > < a class = "header" href = "#usage" > Usage< / a > < / h2 >
< p > < code > hosts/my-laptop.nix< / code > :< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > { suites, ... }:
{
imports = suites.mobileWS;
}
< / code > < / pre >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < blockquote >
< h5 id = "note-2" > < a class = "header" href = "#note-2" > < em > Note:< / em > < / a > < / h5 >
< p > This section and its semantics need a conceptiual rework.
Since recently < a href = "https://digga.divnix.com/api-reference-home.html#homeusers" > portable home configurations< / a >
that are not bound to any specific host are a thing.< / p >
< / blockquote >
< h1 id = "users" > < a class = "header" href = "#users" > Users< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > Users are a special case of < a href = "concepts/profiles.html" > profiles< / a > that define system
users and < a href = "https://nix-community.github.io/home-manager" > home-manager< / a > configurations. For your convenience,
home manager is wired in by default so all you have to worry about is declaring
your users. For a fully fleshed out example, check out the developers personal
< a href = "https://github.com/divnix/devos/tree/nrd/users/nrd/default.nix" > branch< / a > .< / p >
< h2 id = "basic-usage" > < a class = "header" href = "#basic-usage" > Basic Usage< / a > < / h2 >
< p > < code > users/myuser/default.nix< / code > :< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > { ... }:
{
users.users.myuser = {
isNormalUser = true;
};
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home-manager.users.myuser = {
programs.mpv.enable = true;
};
}
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< / code > < / pre >
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< h2 id = "home-manager" > < a class = "header" href = "#home-manager" > Home Manager< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Home Manager support follows the same principles as regular nixos configurations,
it even gets its own namespace in your < code > flake.nix< / code > as < code > home< / code > .< / p >
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< p > All modules defined in < a href = "https://github.com/divnix/devos/tree/main/users/modules/module-list.nix" > user modules< / a > will be imported to
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Home Manager.
User profiles can be collected in a similar fashion as system ones into a < code > suites< / code >
argument that gets passed to your home-manager users.< / p >
< h3 id = "example-2" > < a class = "header" href = "#example-2" > Example< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > < code > flake.nix< / code > < / p >
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< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > {
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home.users.nixos = { suites, ... }: {
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imports = suites.base;
};
}
< / code > < / pre >
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< h2 id = "external-usage" > < a class = "header" href = "#external-usage" > External Usage< / a > < / h2 >
< p > You can easily use the defined home-manager configurations outside of NixOS
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using the < code > homeConfigurations< / code > flake output. The < a href = "concepts/../bud/index.html" > bud< / a > helper
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script makes this even easier.< / p >
< p > This is great for keeping your environment consistent across Unix systems,
including OSX.< / p >
< h3 id = "from-within-the-projects-devshell" > < a class = "header" href = "#from-within-the-projects-devshell" > From within the projects devshell:< / a > < / h3 >
< pre > < code class = "language-sh" > # builds the nixos user defined in the NixOS host
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bud home NixOS nixos
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# build and activate
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bud home NixOS nixos switch
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< / code > < / pre >
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< h3 id = "manually-from-outside-the-project" > < a class = "header" href = "#manually-from-outside-the-project" > Manually from outside the project:< / a > < / h3 >
< pre > < code class = "language-sh" > # build
nix build " github:divnix/devos#homeConfigurations.nixos@NixOS.home.activationPackage"
# activate
./result/activate & & unlink result
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< / code > < / pre >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "layout" > < a class = "header" href = "#layout" > Layout< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > Each of the following sections is a directory whose contents are output to the
outside world via the flake's outputs. Check each chapter for details.< / p >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "modules-1" > < a class = "header" href = "#modules-1" > Modules< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > The modules directory is a replica of nixpkg's NixOS < a href = "https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/tree/master/nixos/modules" > modules< / a >
, and follows the same semantics. This allows for trivial upstreaming into
nixpkgs proper once your module is sufficiently stable.< / p >
< p > All modules linked in < em > module-list.nix< / em > are automatically exported via
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< code > nixosModules.< file-basename> < / code > , and imported into all < a href = "outputs/../concepts/hosts.html" > hosts< / a > .< / p >
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< blockquote >
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< h5 id = "note-3" > < a class = "header" href = "#note-3" > < em > Note:< / em > < / a > < / h5 >
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< p > This is reserved for declaring brand new module options. If you just want to
declare a coherent configuration of already existing and related NixOS options
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, use < a href = "outputs/../concepts/profiles.html" > profiles< / a > instead.< / p >
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< / blockquote >
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< h2 id = "semantics" > < a class = "header" href = "#semantics" > Semantics< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > In case you've never written a module for nixpkgs before, here is a brief
outline of the process.< / p >
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< h3 id = "declaration" > < a class = "header" href = "#declaration" > Declaration< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > modules/services/service-category/my-service.nix:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > { config, lib, ... }:
let
cfg = config.services.myService;
in
{
options.services.myService = {
enable = lib.mkEnableOption " Description of my new service." ;
# additional options ...
};
config = lib.mkIf cfg.enable {
# implementation ...
};
}
< / code > < / pre >
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< h3 id = "import" > < a class = "header" href = "#import" > Import< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > modules/module-list.nix:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > [
./services/service-category/my-service.nix
]
< / code > < / pre >
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< h2 id = "usage-1" > < a class = "header" href = "#usage-1" > Usage< / a > < / h2 >
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< h3 id = "internal" > < a class = "header" href = "#internal" > Internal< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > profiles/profile-category/my-profile.nix:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > { ... }:
{
services.MyService.enable = true;
}
< / code > < / pre >
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< h3 id = "external" > < a class = "header" href = "#external" > External< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > flake.nix:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > {
# inputs omitted
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outputs = { self, devos, nixpkgs, ... }: {
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nixosConfigurations.myConfig = nixpkgs.lib.nixosSystem {
system = " ..." ;
modules = [
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devos.nixosModules.my-service
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({ ... }: {
services.MyService.enable = true;
})
];
};
};
}
< / code > < / pre >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "overlays" > < a class = "header" href = "#overlays" > Overlays< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > Writing overlays is a common occurence when using a NixOS system. Therefore,
we want to keep the process as simple and straightforward as possible.< / p >
< p > Any < em > .nix< / em > files declared in this directory will be assumed to be a valid
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overlay, and will be automatically imported into all < a href = "outputs/../concepts/hosts.html" > hosts< / a > , and
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exported via < code > overlays.< channel> /< pkgName> < / code > < em > as well as< / em >
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< code > packages.< system> .< pkgName> < / code > (for valid systems), so all you have to do is
write it.< / p >
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< h2 id = "example-3" > < a class = "header" href = "#example-3" > Example< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > overlays/kakoune.nix:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > final: prev: {
kakoune = prev.kakoune.override {
configure.plugins = with final.kakounePlugins; [
(kak-fzf.override { fzf = final.skim; })
kak-auto-pairs
kak-buffers
kak-powerline
kak-vertical-selection
];
};
}
< / code > < / pre >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "packages-1" > < a class = "header" href = "#packages-1" > Packages< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > Similar to < a href = "outputs/./modules.html" > modules< / a > , the pkgs directory mirrors the upstream
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< a href = "https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/tree/master/pkgs" > nixpkgs/pkgs< / a > , and for the same reason; if you ever want to upstream
your package, it's as simple as dropping it into the nixpkgs/pkgs directory.< / p >
< p > The only minor difference is that, instead of adding the < code > callPackage< / code > call to
< code > all-packages.nix< / code > , you just add it the the < em > default.nix< / em > in this directory,
which is defined as a simple overlay.< / p >
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< p > All the packages are exported via < code > packages.< system> .< pkg-name> < / code > , for all
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the supported systems listed in the package's < code > meta.platforms< / code > attribute.< / p >
< p > And, as usual, every package in the overlay is also available to any NixOS
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< a href = "outputs/../concepts/hosts.html" > host< / a > .< / p >
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< p > Another convenient difference is that it is possible to use
< a href = "https://github.com/berberman/nvfetcher" > nvfetcher< / a > to keep packages up to
date.
This is best understood by the simple example below.< / p >
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< h2 id = "example-4" > < a class = "header" href = "#example-4" > Example< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > It is possible to specify sources separately to keep them up to date semi
automatically.
The basic rules are specified in pkgs/sources.toml:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-toml" > # nvfetcher.toml
[libinih]
src.github = " benhoyt/inih"
fetch.github = " benhoyt/inih"
< / code > < / pre >
< p > After changes to this file as well as to update the packages specified in there run
nvfetcher (for more details see < a href = "https://github.com/berberman/nvfetcher" > nvfetcher< / a > ).< / p >
< p > The pkgs overlay is managed in
pkgs/default.nix:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > final: prev: {
# keep sources first, this makes sources available to the pkgs
sources = prev.callPackage (import ./_sources/generated.nix) { };
# then, call packages with `final.callPackage`
libinih = prev.callPackage ./development/libraries/libinih { };
}
< / code > < / pre >
< p > Lastly the example package is in
pkgs/development/libraries/libinih/default.nix:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > { stdenv, meson, ninja, lib, sources, ... }:
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stdenv.mkDerivation {
pname = " libinih" ;
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# version will resolve to the latest available on gitub
inherit (sources.libinih) version src;
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buildInputs = [ meson ninja ];
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# ...
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}
< / code > < / pre >
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< h2 id = "migration-from-flake-based-approach" > < a class = "header" href = "#migration-from-flake-based-approach" > Migration from flake based approach< / a > < / h2 >
< p > Previous to nvfetcher it was possible to manage sources via a pkgs/flake.nix, the main changes from there are that sources where in the attribute " srcs" (now " sources" ) and the contents of the sources where slightly different.
In order to switch to the new system, rewrite pkgs/flake.nix to a pkgs/sources.toml file using the documentation of nvfetcher,
add the line that calls the sources at the beginning of pkgs/default.nix, and
accomodate the small changes in the packages as can be seen from the example.< / p >
< p > The example package looked like:< / p >
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< p > pkgs/flake.nix:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > {
description = " Package sources" ;
inputs = {
libinih.url = " github:benhoyt/inih/r53" ;
libinih.flake = false;
};
}
< / code > < / pre >
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< p > pkgs/default.nix:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > final: prev: {
# then, call packages with `final.callPackage`
libinih = prev.callPackage ./development/libraries/libinih { };
}
< / code > < / pre >
< p > pkgs/development/libraries/libinih/default.nix:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > { stdenv, meson, ninja, lib, srcs, ... }:
let inherit (srcs) libinih; in
stdenv.mkDerivation {
pname = " libinih" ;
# version will resolve to 53, as specified in the flake.nix file
inherit (libinih) version;
src = libinih;
buildInputs = [ meson ninja ];
# ...
}
< / code > < / pre >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "secrets" > < a class = "header" href = "#secrets" > Secrets< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > Secrets are managed using < a href = "https://github.com/ryantm/agenix" > agenix< / a >
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so you can keep your flake in a public repository like GitHub without
exposing your password or other sensitive data.< / p >
< h2 id = "agenix" > < a class = "header" href = "#agenix" > Agenix< / a > < / h2 >
< p > Currently, there is < a href = "https://github.com/NixOS/nix/issues/8" > no mechanism< / a > in nix itself to deploy secrets
within the nix store because it is world-readable.< / p >
< p > Most NixOS modules have the ability to set options to files in the system, outside
the nix store, that contain sensitive information. You can use < a href = "https://github.com/ryantm/agenix" > agenix< / a >
to easily setup those secret files declaratively.< / p >
< p > < a href = "https://github.com/ryantm/agenix" > agenix< / a > encrypts secrets and stores them as .age files in your repository.
Age files are encrypted with multiple ssh public keys, so any host or user with a
matching ssh private key can read the data. The < a href = "https://github.com/ryantm/agenix/blob/master/modules/age.nix" > age module< / a > will add those
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encrypted files to the nix store and decrypt them on activation to < code > /run/agenix< / code > .< / p >
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< h3 id = "setup" > < a class = "header" href = "#setup" > Setup< / a > < / h3 >
< p > All hosts must have openssh enabled, this is done by default in the core profile.< / p >
< p > You need to populate your < code > secrets/secrets.nix< / code > with the proper ssh public keys.
Be extra careful to make sure you only add public keys, you should never share a
private key!!< / p >
< p > secrets/secrets.nix:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > let
system = " < system ssh key> " ;
user = " < user ssh key> " ;
allKeys = [ system user ];
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in
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< / code > < / pre >
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< p > On most systems, you can get your systems ssh public key from < code > /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key.pub< / code > . If
this file doesn't exist you likely need to enable openssh and rebuild your system.< / p >
< p > Your users ssh public key is probably stored in < code > ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub< / code > or
< code > ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub< / code > . If you haven't generated a ssh key yet, be sure do so:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-sh" > ssh-keygen -t ed25519
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< / code > < / pre >
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< blockquote >
< h5 id = "note-4" > < a class = "header" href = "#note-4" > < em > Note:< / em > < / a > < / h5 >
< p > The underlying tool used by agenix, rage, doesn't work well with password protected
ssh keys. So if you have lots of secrets you might have to type in your password many
times.< / p >
< / blockquote >
< h3 id = "secrets-1" > < a class = "header" href = "#secrets-1" > Secrets< / a > < / h3 >
< p > You will need the < code > agenix< / code > command to create secrets. DevOS conveniently provides that
in the devShell, so just run < code > nix develop< / code > whenever you want to edit secrets. Make sure
to always run < code > agenix< / code > while in the < code > secrets/< / code > folder, so it can pick up your < code > secrets.nix< / code > .< / p >
< p > To create secrets, simply add lines to your < code > secrets/secrets.nix< / code > :< / p >
< pre > < code > let
...
allKeys = [ system user ];
in
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{
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" secret.age" .publicKeys = allKeys;
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}
< / code > < / pre >
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< p > That would tell agenix to create a < code > secret.age< / code > file that is encrypted with the < code > system< / code >
and < code > user< / code > ssh public key.< / p >
< p > Then go into the < code > secrets< / code > folder and run:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-sh" > agenix -e secret.age
< / code > < / pre >
< p > This will create the < code > secret.age< / code > , if it doesn't already exist, and allow you to edit it.< / p >
< p > If you ever change the < code > publicKeys< / code > entry of any secret make sure to rekey the secrets:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-sh" > agenix --rekey
< / code > < / pre >
< h3 id = "usage-2" > < a class = "header" href = "#usage-2" > Usage< / a > < / h3 >
< p > Once you have your secret file encrypted and ready to use, you can utilize the < a href = "https://github.com/ryantm/agenix/blob/master/modules/age.nix" > age module< / a >
to ensure that your secrets end up in < code > /run/secrets< / code > .< / p >
< p > In any profile that uses a NixOS module that requires a secret you can enable a particular secret like so:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > { self, ... }:
{
age.secrets.mysecret.file = " ${self}/secrets/mysecret.age" ;
}
< / code > < / pre >
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< p > Then you can just pass the path < code > /run/agenix/mysecret< / code > to the module.< / p >
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< p > You can make use of the many options provided by the age module to customize where and how
secrets get decrypted. You can learn about them by looking at the
< a href = "https://github.com/ryantm/agenix/blob/master/modules/age.nix" > age module< / a > .< / p >
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< blockquote >
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< h5 id = "note-5" > < a class = "header" href = "#note-5" > < em > Note:< / em > < / a > < / h5 >
< p > You can take a look at the < a href = "https://github.com/ryantm/agenix" > agenix repository< / a > for more information
about the tool.< / p >
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< / blockquote >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "testing" > < a class = "header" href = "#testing" > Testing< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > Testing is always an important aspect of any software development project, and
NixOS offers some incredibly powerful tools to write tests for your
configuration, and, optionally, run them in
< a href = "./integrations/hercules.html" > CI< / a > .< / p >
< h2 id = "unit-tests" > < a class = "header" href = "#unit-tests" > Unit Tests< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Unit tests can be created from regular derivations, and they can do
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almost anything you can imagine. By convention, it is best to test your
packages during their < a href = "https://nixos.org/manual/nixpkgs/stable/#ssec-check-phase" > check phase< / a > . All packages and their tests will
be built during CI.< / p >
< h2 id = "integration-tests" > < a class = "header" href = "#integration-tests" > Integration Tests< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > All your profiles defined in suites will be tested in a NixOS VM.< / p >
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< p > You can write integration tests for one or more NixOS VMs that can,
optionally, be networked together, and yes, it's as awesome as it sounds!< / p >
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< p > Be sure to use the < code > mkTest< / code > function from digga, < code > digga.lib.pkgs-lib.mkTest< / code >
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which wraps the official < a href = "https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/tree/master/nixos/lib/testing-python.nix" > testing-python< / a > function to ensure
that the system is setup exactly as it is for a bare DevOS system. There are
already great resources for learning how to use these tests effectively,
including the official < a href = "https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/stable/index.html#sec-nixos-tests" > docs< / a > , a fantastic < a href = "https://www.haskellforall.com/2020/11/how-to-use-nixos-for-lightweight.html" > blog post< / a > ,
and the examples in < a href = "https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/tree/master/nixos/tests" > nixpkgs< / a > .< / p >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "bud-command" > < a class = "header" href = "#bud-command" > < a href = "https://github.com/divnix/bud" > < code > bud< / code > < / a > command< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > The template incudes a convenient script for managing your system called < a href = "https://github.com/divnix/bud" > < code > bud< / code > < / a > .< / p >
< p > It is a portable and highly composable system control tool that work anywhere on your host
or in the flake's devshell. < / p >
< p > Although it comes with some predefined standard helpers,
it is very extensible and you are encouraged to write your own script snippets
to ease your workflows. An example is the bud module for a < code > get< / code > command that
comes included with < code > devos< / code > .< / p >
< p > While writing scripts you can convenientely access smart environment variables
that can tell the current architecture, user or host name, among others, regardless
wether you invoke < code > bud< / code > within the devshell or as the system-wide installed < code > bud< / code > .< / p >
< p > For details, please review the < a href = "https://github.com/divnix/bud" > bud repo< / a > .< / p >
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< h2 id = "usage-3" > < a class = "header" href = "#usage-3" > Usage< / a > < / h2 >
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< pre > < code class = "language-sh" > bud help
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< / code > < / pre >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "get" > < a class = "header" href = "#get" > get< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > The < code > get< / code > subcommand is useful for getting a bare copy of devos without the
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git history.< / p >
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< h2 id = "usage-4" > < a class = "header" href = "#usage-4" > Usage< / a > < / h2 >
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< pre > < code class = "language-sh" > bud get DEST-DIR
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< / code > < / pre >
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< p > If DEST-DIR is ommitted, it defaults to < em > ./devos< / em > .< / p >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "integrations" > < a class = "header" href = "#integrations" > Integrations< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > This section explores some of the optional tools included with devos to provide
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a solution to common concerns such as ci and remote deployment. An effort is
made to choose tools that treat nix, and where possible flakes, as first class
citizens.< / p >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "cachix" > < a class = "header" href = "#cachix" > Cachix< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > The system will automatically pull a cachix.nix at the root if one exists.
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This is usually created automatically by a < code > sudo cachix use< / code > . If you're more
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inclined to keep the root clean, you can drop any generated files in the
< code > cachix< / code > directory into the < code > profiles/cachix< / code > directory without further
modification.< / p >
< p > For example, to add your own cache, assuming the template lives in /etc/nixos,
by simply running < code > sudo cachix use yourcache< / code > . Then, optionally, move
< code > cachix/yourcache.nix< / code > to < code > profiles/cachix/yourcache.nix< / code > < / p >
< p > These caches are only added to the system after a < code > nixos-rebuild switch< / code > , so it
is recommended to call < code > cachix use nrdxp< / code > before the initial deployment, as it
will save a lot of build time.< / p >
< p > In the future, users will be able to skip this step once the ability to define
the nix.conf within the flake is fully fleshed out upstream.< / p >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "deploy-rs" > < a class = "header" href = "#deploy-rs" > deploy-rs< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > < a href = "https://github.com/serokell/deploy-rs" > Deploy-rs< / a > is a tool for managing NixOS remote machines. It was
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chosen for devos after the author experienced some frustrations with the
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stateful nature of nixops' db. It was also designed from scratch to support
flake based deployments, and so is an excellent tool for the job.< / p >
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< p > By default, all the < a href = "integrations/../concepts/hosts.html" > hosts< / a > are also available as deploy-rs nodes,
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configured with the hostname set to < code > networking.hostName< / code > ; overridable via
the command line.< / p >
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< h2 id = "usage-5" > < a class = "header" href = "#usage-5" > Usage< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Just add your ssh key to the host:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > { ... }:
{
users.users.${sshUser}.openssh.authorizedKeys.keyFiles = [
../secrets/path/to/key.pub
];
}
< / code > < / pre >
< p > And the private key to your user:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > { ... }:
{
home-manager.users.${sshUser}.programs.ssh = {
enable = true;
matchBlocks = {
${host} = {
host = hostName;
identityFile = ../secrets/path/to/key;
extraOptions = { AddKeysToAgent = " yes" ; };
};
};
}
}
< / code > < / pre >
< p > And run the deployment:< / p >
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< pre > < code class = "language-sh" > deploy '.#hostName' --hostname host.example.com
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< / code > < / pre >
< blockquote >
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< h5 id = "note-6" > < a class = "header" href = "#note-6" > < em > Note:< / em > < / a > < / h5 >
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< p > Your user will need < strong > passwordless< / strong > sudo access< / p >
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< / blockquote >
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< h3 id = "home-manager-1" > < a class = "header" href = "#home-manager-1" > Home Manager< / a > < / h3 >
< p > Digga's < code > lib.mkDeployNodes< / code > provides only < code > system< / code > profile.
In order to deploy your < code > home-manager< / code > configuration you should provide additional profile(s) to deploy-rs config:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-nix" > # Initially, this line looks like this: deploy.nodes = digga.lib.mkDeployNodes self.nixosConfigurations { };
deploy.nodes = digga.lib.mkDeployNodes self.nixosConfigurations
{
< HOSTNAME> = {
profilesOrder = [ " system" " < HM_PROFILE> " " < ANOTHER_HM_PROFILE> " ];
profiles.< HM_PROFILE> = {
user = " < YOUR_USERNAME> " ;
path = deploy.lib.x86_64-linux.activate.home-manager self.homeConfigurationsPortable.x86_64-linux.< YOUR_USERNAME> ;
};
profiles.< ANOTHER_HM_PROFILE> = {
user = " < ANOTHER_USERNAME> " ;
path = deploy.lib.x86_64-linux.activate.home-manager self.homeConfigurationsPortable.x86_64-linux.< ANOTHER_USERNAME> ;
};
};
};
< / code > < / pre >
< p > Substitute < code > < HOSTNAME> < / code > , < code > < HM_PROFILE> < / code > and < code > < YOUR_USERNAME> < / code > placeholders (omitting the < code > < > < / code > ). < / p >
< p > < code > < ANOTHER_HM_PROFILE> < / code > is there to illustrate deploying multiple < code > home-manager< / code > configurations. Either substitute those as well,
or remove them altogether. Don't forget the < code > profileOrder< / code > variable.< / p >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "nvfetcher" > < a class = "header" href = "#nvfetcher" > nvfetcher< / a > < / h1 >
< p > < a href = "https://github.com/berberman/nvfetcher" > NvFetcher< / a > is a workflow companion for updating nix sources.< / p >
< p > You can specify an origin source and an update configuration, and
nvfetcher can for example track updates to a specific branch and
automatically update your nix sources configuration on each run
to the tip of that branch.< / p >
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< p > All package source declaration is done in < a href = "https://github.com/divnix/devos/tree/main/pkgs/sources.toml" > sources.toml< / a > .< / p >
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< p > From within the devshell of this repo, run < code > nvfetcher< / code > , a wrapped
version of < code > nvfetcher< / code > that knows where to find and place its files
and commit the results.< / p >
< h2 id = "usage-6" > < a class = "header" href = "#usage-6" > Usage< / a > < / h2 >
< p > Statically fetching (not tracking) a particular tag from a github repo:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-toml" > [manix]
src.manual = " v0.6.3"
fetch.github = " mlvzk/manix"
< / code > < / pre >
< p > Tracking the latest github < em > release< / em > from a github repo:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-toml" > [manix]
src.github = " mlvzk/manix" # responsible for tracking
fetch.github = " mlvzk/manix" # responsible for fetching
< / code > < / pre >
< p > Tracking the latest commit of a git repository and fetch from a git repo:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-toml" > [manix]
src.git = " https://github.com/mlvzk/manix.git" # responsible for tracking
fetch.git = " https://github.com/mlvzk/manix.git" # responsible for fetching
< / code > < / pre >
< blockquote >
< h5 id = "note-7" > < a class = "header" href = "#note-7" > < em > Note:< / em > < / a > < / h5 >
< p > Please refer to the < a href = "https://github.com/berberman/nvfetcher#readme" > NvFetcher Readme< / a > for more options.< / p >
< / blockquote >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "hercules-ci" > < a class = "header" href = "#hercules-ci" > Hercules CI< / a > < / h1 >
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< p > If you start adding your own packages and configurations, you'll probably have
at least a few binary artifacts. With hercules we can build every package in
our configuration automatically, on every commit. Additionally, we can have it
upload all our build artifacts to a binary cache like < a href = "https://cachix.org" > cachix< / a > .< / p >
< p > This will work whether your copy is a fork, or a bare template, as long as your
repo is hosted on GitHub.< / p >
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< h2 id = "setup-1" > < a class = "header" href = "#setup-1" > Setup< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Just head over to < a href = "https://hercules-ci.com" > hercules-ci.com< / a > to make an account.< / p >
< p > Then follow the docs to set up an < a href = "https://docs.hercules-ci.com/hercules-ci/getting-started/#github" > agent< / a > , if you want to deploy to a
binary cache (and of course you do), be sure < em > not< / em > to skip the
< a href = "https://docs.hercules-ci.com/hercules-ci/getting-started/deploy/nixos/#_3_configure_a_binary_cache" > binary-caches.json< / a > .< / p >
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< h2 id = "ready-to-use" > < a class = "header" href = "#ready-to-use" > Ready to Use< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > The repo is already set up with the proper < em > default.nix< / em > file, building all
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declared packages, checks, profiles and shells. So you can see if something
breaks, and never build the same package twice!< / p >
< p > If you want to get fancy, you could even have hercules
< a href = "https://docs.hercules-ci.com/hercules-ci-effects/guide/deploy-a-nixos-machine/" > deploy your configuration< / a > !< / p >
< blockquote >
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< h5 id = "note-8" > < a class = "header" href = "#note-8" > < em > Note:< / em > < / a > < / h5 >
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< p > Hercules doesn't have access to anything encrypted in the
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< a href = "integrations/../../secrets" > secrets folder< / a > , so none of your secrets will accidentally get
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pushed to a cache by mistake.< / p >
< p > You could pull all your secrets via your user, and then exclude it from
< a href = "https://github.com/nrdxp/devos/blob/nrd/suites/default.nix#L17" > allUsers< / a >
to keep checks passing.< / p >
< / blockquote >
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< div style = "break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" > < / div > < h1 id = "pull-requests" > < a class = "header" href = "#pull-requests" > Pull Requests< / a > < / h1 >
2021-08-02 00:40:04 +03:00
< h2 id = "tldr" > < a class = "header" href = "#tldr" > TL;DR;< / a > < / h2 >
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< ul >
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< li > < strong > Target Branch< / strong > : < code > main< / code > < / li >
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< li > < strong > Merge Policy< / strong > : < a href = "https://bors.tech" > < code > bors< / code > < / a > is always right (→ < code > bors try< / code > )< / li >
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< li > < strong > Docs< / strong > : every changeset is expected to contain doc updates< / li >
< li > < strong > Commit Msg< / strong > : be a poet! Comprehensive and explanatory commit messages
should cover the motivation and use case in an easily understandable manner
even when read after a few months.< / li >
< li > < strong > Test Driven Development< / strong > : please default to test driven development where possible.< / li >
< / ul >
< h3 id = "within-the-devshell-nix-develop" > < a class = "header" href = "#within-the-devshell-nix-develop" > Within the Devshell (< code > nix develop< / code > )< / a > < / h3 >
< ul >
< li > < strong > Hooks< / strong > : please < code > git commit< / code > within the devshell< / li >
< li > < strong > Fail Early< / strong > : please run from within the devshell on your local machine:
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< ul >
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< li > < code > nix flake check< / code > < / li >
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< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
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