playwright/docs/multi-pages.md

Multi-page scenarios

Playwright can automate scenarios that span multiple browser contexts or multiple tabs in a browser window.

• Multiple contexts
• Multiple pages
• Handling new pages
• Handling popups

Multiple contexts

Browser contexts are isolated environments on a single browser instance. Playwright can create multiple browser contexts within a single scenario. This is useful when you want to test for multi-user functionality, like chat.

const { chromium } = require('playwright');

// Create a Chromium browser instance
const browser = await chromium.launch();

// Create two isolated browser contexts
const userContext = await browser.newContext();
const adminContext = await browser.newContext();

// Load user and admin cookies
await userContext.addCookies(userCookies);
await adminContext.addCookies(adminCookies);

API reference

• class BrowserContext
• browser.newContext([options])
• browserContext.addCookies(cookies)

Multiple pages

Each browser context can host multiple pages (tabs).

• Each page behaves like a focused, active page. Bringing the page to front is not required.
• Pages inside a context respect context-level emulation, like viewport sizes, custom network routes or browser locale.

// Create two pages
const pageOne = await context.newPage();
const pageTwo = await context.newPage();

// Get pages of a brower context
const allPages = context.pages();

API reference

• class Page
• browserContext.newPage()
• browserContext.pages()

Handling new pages

The page event on browser contexts can be used to get new pages that are created in the context. This can be used to handle new pages opened by target="_blank" links.

// Get page after a specific action (e.g. clicking a link)
const [newPage] = await Promise.all([
  context.waitForEvent('page'),
  page.click('a[target="_blank"]') // Opens a new tab
])
await newPage.waitForLoadState();
console.log(await newPage.title());

If the action that triggers the new page is unknown, the following pattern can be used.

// Get all new pages (including popups) in the context
context.on('page', async page => {
  await page.waitForLoadState();
  await page.title();
})

API reference

• browserContext.on('page')

Handling popups

If the page opens a pop-up, you can get a reference to it by listening to the popup event on the page.

This event is emitted in addition to the browserContext.on('page') event, but only for popups relevant to this page.

// Get popup after a specific action (e.g., click)
const [popup] = await Promise.all([
  page.waitForEvent('popup'),
  page.click('#open')
]);
await popup.waitForLoadState();
await popup.title();

If the action that triggers the popup is unknown, the following pattern can be used.

// Get all popups when they open
page.on('popup', async popup => {
  await popup.waitForLoadState();
  await popup.title();
})

API reference

• page.on('popup')