200 KiB
class: Browser
- extends: EventEmitter
A Browser is created when Playwright connects to a browser instance, either through browserType.launch() or browserType.connect().
An example of using a [Browser] to create a [Page]:
const { firefox } = require('playwright'); // Or 'chromium' or 'webkit'.
(async () => {
const browser = await firefox.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await browser.close();
})();
See [ChromiumBrowser], [FirefoxBrowser] and [WebKitBrowser] for browser-specific features. Note that browserType.connect() and browserType.launch() always return a specific browser instance, based on the browser being connected to or launched.
event: Browser.disconnected
Emitted when Browser gets disconnected from the browser application. This might happen because of one of the following:
- Browser application is closed or crashed.
- The browser.close() method was called.
async method: Browser.close
In case this browser is obtained using browserType.launch(), closes the browser and all of its pages (if any were opened).
In case this browser is obtained using browserType.connect(), clears all created contexts belonging to this browser and disconnects from the browser server.
The [Browser] object itself is considered to be disposed and cannot be used anymore.
method: Browser.contexts
- returns: <[Array]<[BrowserContext]>>
Returns an array of all open browser contexts. In a newly created browser, this will return zero browser contexts.
const browser = await pw.webkit.launch();
console.log(browser.contexts().length); // prints `0`
const context = await browser.newContext();
console.log(browser.contexts().length); // prints `1`
method: Browser.isConnected
- returns: <[boolean]>
Indicates that the browser is connected.
async method: Browser.newContext
- returns: <[BrowserContext]>
Creates a new browser context. It won't share cookies/cache with other browser contexts.
(async () => {
const browser = await playwright.firefox.launch(); // Or 'chromium' or 'webkit'.
// Create a new incognito browser context.
const context = await browser.newContext();
// Create a new page in a pristine context.
const page = await context.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com');
})();
option: Browser.newContext.-inline- = %%-shared-context-params-list-%%
option: Browser.newContext.proxy = %%-context-option-proxy-%%
option: Browser.newContext.storageState = %%-context-option-storage-state-%%
async method: Browser.newPage
- returns: <[Page]>
Creates a new page in a new browser context. Closing this page will close the context as well.
This is a convenience API that should only be used for the single-page scenarios and short snippets. Production code and testing frameworks should explicitly create browser.newContext() followed by the browserContext.newPage() to control their exact life times.
option: Browser.newPage.-inline- = %%-shared-context-params-list-%%
option: Browser.newPage.proxy = %%-context-option-proxy-%%
option: Browser.newPage.storageState = %%-context-option-storage-state-%%
method: Browser.version
- returns: <[string]>
Returns the browser version.
class: BrowserContext
- extends: EventEmitter
BrowserContexts provide a way to operate multiple independent browser sessions.
If a page opens another page, e.g. with a window.open
call, the popup will belong to the parent page's browser
context.
Playwright allows creation of "incognito" browser contexts with browser.newContext()
method. "Incognito" browser
contexts don't write any browsing data to disk.
// Create a new incognito browser context
const context = await browser.newContext();
// Create a new page inside context.
const page = await context.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com');
// Dispose context once it's no longer needed.
await context.close();
event: BrowserContext.close
Emitted when Browser context gets closed. This might happen because of one of the following:
- Browser context is closed.
- Browser application is closed or crashed.
- The browser.close() method was called.
event: BrowserContext.page
- <[Page]>
The event is emitted when a new Page is created in the BrowserContext. The page may still be loading. The event will also fire for popup pages. See also page.on('popup') to receive events about popups relevant to a specific page.
The earliest moment that page is available is when it has navigated to the initial url. For example, when opening a
popup with window.open('http://example.com')
, this event will fire when the network request to "http://example.com" is
done and its response has started loading in the popup.
const [page] = await Promise.all([
context.waitForEvent('page'),
page.click('a[target=_blank]'),
]);
console.log(await page.evaluate('location.href'));
Note
Use page.waitForLoadState() to wait until the page gets to a particular state (you should not need it in most cases).
async method: BrowserContext.addCookies
Adds cookies into this browser context. All pages within this context will have these cookies installed. Cookies can be obtained via browserContext.cookies().
await browserContext.addCookies([cookieObject1, cookieObject2]);
param: BrowserContext.addCookies.cookies
cookies
<[Array]<[Object]>>name
<[string]> requiredvalue
<[string]> requiredurl
<[string]> either url or domain / path are requireddomain
<[string]> either url or domain / path are requiredpath
<[string]> either url or domain / path are requiredexpires
<[number]> Unix time in seconds.httpOnly
<[boolean]>secure
<[boolean]>sameSite
<"Strict"|"Lax"|"None">
async method: BrowserContext.addInitScript
Adds a script which would be evaluated in one of the following scenarios:
- Whenever a page is created in the browser context or is navigated.
- Whenever a child frame is attached or navigated in any page in the browser context. In this case, the script is evaluated in the context of the newly attached frame.
The script is evaluated after the document was created but before any of its scripts were run. This is useful to amend
the JavaScript environment, e.g. to seed Math.random
.
An example of overriding Math.random
before the page loads:
// preload.js
Math.random = () => 42;
// In your playwright script, assuming the preload.js file is in same directory.
await browserContext.addInitScript({
path: 'preload.js'
});
Note
The order of evaluation of multiple scripts installed via browserContext.addInitScript() and page.addInitScript() is not defined.
param: BrowserContext.addInitScript.script
script
<[function]|[string]|[Object]>path
<[string]> Path to the JavaScript file. Ifpath
is a relative path, then it is resolved relative to current working directory.content
<[string]> Raw script content.
Script to be evaluated in all pages in the browser context.
param: BrowserContext.addInitScript.arg
arg
<[Serializable]>
Optional argument to pass to script
(only supported when passing a function).
method: BrowserContext.browser
- returns: <[null]|[Browser]>
Returns the browser instance of the context. If it was launched as a persistent context null gets returned.
async method: BrowserContext.clearCookies
Clears context cookies.
async method: BrowserContext.clearPermissions
Clears all permission overrides for the browser context.
const context = await browser.newContext();
await context.grantPermissions(['clipboard-read']);
// do stuff ..
context.clearPermissions();
async method: BrowserContext.close
Closes the browser context. All the pages that belong to the browser context will be closed.
Note
the default browser context cannot be closed.
async method: BrowserContext.cookies
- returns: <[Array]<[Object]>>
name
<[string]>value
<[string]>domain
<[string]>path
<[string]>expires
<[number]> Unix time in seconds.httpOnly
<[boolean]>secure
<[boolean]>sameSite
<"Strict"|"Lax"|"None">
If no URLs are specified, this method returns all cookies. If URLs are specified, only cookies that affect those URLs are returned.
param: BrowserContext.cookies.urls
urls
<[string]|[Array]<[string]>>
Optional list of URLs.
async method: BrowserContext.exposeBinding
The method adds a function called name
on the window
object of every frame in every page in the context. When
called, the function executes playwrightBinding
in Node.js and returns a [Promise] which resolves to the return value
of playwrightBinding
. If the playwrightBinding
returns a [Promise], it will be awaited.
The first argument of the playwrightBinding
function contains information about the caller: { browserContext: BrowserContext, page: Page, frame: Frame }
.
See page.exposeBinding() for page-only version.
An example of exposing page URL to all frames in all pages in the context:
const { webkit } = require('playwright'); // Or 'chromium' or 'firefox'.
(async () => {
const browser = await webkit.launch({ headless: false });
const context = await browser.newContext();
await context.exposeBinding('pageURL', ({ page }) => page.url());
const page = await context.newPage();
await page.setContent(`
<script>
async function onClick() {
document.querySelector('div').textContent = await window.pageURL();
}
</script>
<button onclick="onClick()">Click me</button>
<div></div>
`);
await page.click('button');
})();
An example of passing an element handle:
await context.exposeBinding('clicked', async (source, element) => {
console.log(await element.textContent());
}, { handle: true });
await page.setContent(`
<script>
document.addEventListener('click', event => window.clicked(event.target));
</script>
<div>Click me</div>
<div>Or click me</div>
`);
param: BrowserContext.exposeBinding.name
name
<[string]>
Name of the function on the window object.
param: BrowserContext.exposeBinding.playwrightBinding
playwrightBinding
<[function]>
Callback function that will be called in the Playwright's context.
option: BrowserContext.exposeBinding.handle
handle
<[boolean]>
Whether to pass the argument as a handle, instead of passing by value. When passing a handle, only one argument is supported. When passing by value, multiple arguments are supported.
async method: BrowserContext.exposeFunction
The method adds a function called name
on the window
object of every frame in every page in the context. When
called, the function executes playwrightFunction
in Node.js and returns a [Promise] which resolves to the return value
of playwrightFunction
.
If the playwrightFunction
returns a [Promise], it will be awaited.
See page.exposeFunction() for page-only version.
An example of adding an md5
function to all pages in the context:
const { webkit } = require('playwright'); // Or 'chromium' or 'firefox'.
const crypto = require('crypto');
(async () => {
const browser = await webkit.launch({ headless: false });
const context = await browser.newContext();
await context.exposeFunction('md5', text => crypto.createHash('md5').update(text).digest('hex'));
const page = await context.newPage();
await page.setContent(`
<script>
async function onClick() {
document.querySelector('div').textContent = await window.md5('PLAYWRIGHT');
}
</script>
<button onclick="onClick()">Click me</button>
<div></div>
`);
await page.click('button');
})();
param: BrowserContext.exposeFunction.name
name
<[string]>
Name of the function on the window object.
param: BrowserContext.exposeFunction.playwrightFunction
playwrightFunction
<[function]>
Callback function that will be called in the Playwright's context.
async method: BrowserContext.grantPermissions
Grants specified permissions to the browser context. Only grants corresponding permissions to the given origin if specified.
param: BrowserContext.grantPermissions.permissions
permissions
<[Array]<[string]>>'geolocation'
'midi'
'midi-sysex'
(system-exclusive midi)'notifications'
'push'
'camera'
'microphone'
'background-sync'
'ambient-light-sensor'
'accelerometer'
'gyroscope'
'magnetometer'
'accessibility-events'
'clipboard-read'
'clipboard-write'
'payment-handler'
A permission or an array of permissions to grant. Permissions can be one of the following values:
option: BrowserContext.grantPermissions.origin
origin
<[string]>
The [origin] to grant permissions to, e.g. "https://example.com".
async method: BrowserContext.newPage
- returns: <[Page]>
Creates a new page in the browser context.
method: BrowserContext.pages
- returns: <[Array]<[Page]>>
Returns all open pages in the context. Non visible pages, such as "background_page"
, will not be listed here. You can find them using chromiumBrowserContext.backgroundPages().
async method: BrowserContext.route
Routing provides the capability to modify network requests that are made by any page in the browser context. Once route is enabled, every request matching the url pattern will stall unless it's continued, fulfilled or aborted.
An example of a naïve handler that aborts all image requests:
const context = await browser.newContext();
await context.route('**/*.{png,jpg,jpeg}', route => route.abort());
const page = await context.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await browser.close();
or the same snippet using a regex pattern instead:
const context = await browser.newContext();
await context.route(/(\.png$)|(\.jpg$)/, route => route.abort());
const page = await context.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await browser.close();
Page routes (set up with page.route()) take precedence over browser context routes when request matches both handlers.
Note
Enabling routing disables http cache.
param: BrowserContext.route.url
url
<[string]|[RegExp]|[function][URL]
:[boolean]>
A glob pattern, regex pattern or predicate receiving [URL] to match while routing.
param: BrowserContext.route.handler
handler
<[function]([Route], [Request])>
handler function to route the request.
method: BrowserContext.setDefaultNavigationTimeout
This setting will change the default maximum navigation time for the following methods and related shortcuts:
Note
page.setDefaultNavigationTimeout() and page.setDefaultTimeout() take priority over browserContext.setDefaultNavigationTimeout().
param: BrowserContext.setDefaultNavigationTimeout.timeout
timeout
<[number]>
Maximum navigation time in milliseconds
method: BrowserContext.setDefaultTimeout
This setting will change the default maximum time for all the methods accepting timeout
option.
Note
page.setDefaultNavigationTimeout(), page.setDefaultTimeout() and browserContext.setDefaultNavigationTimeout() take priority over browserContext.setDefaultTimeout().
param: BrowserContext.setDefaultTimeout.timeout
timeout
<[number]>
Maximum time in milliseconds
async method: BrowserContext.setExtraHTTPHeaders
The extra HTTP headers will be sent with every request initiated by any page in the context. These headers are merged with page-specific extra HTTP headers set with page.setExtraHTTPHeaders(). If page overrides a particular header, page-specific header value will be used instead of the browser context header value.
Note
browserContext.setExtraHTTPHeaders
does not guarantee the order of headers in the outgoing requests.
param: BrowserContext.setExtraHTTPHeaders.headers
headers
<[Object]<[string], [string]>>
An object containing additional HTTP headers to be sent with every request. All header values must be strings.
async method: BrowserContext.setGeolocation
Sets the context's geolocation. Passing null
or undefined
emulates position unavailable.
await browserContext.setGeolocation({latitude: 59.95, longitude: 30.31667});
Note
Consider using browserContext.grantPermissions() to grant permissions for the browser context pages to read its geolocation.
param: BrowserContext.setGeolocation.geolocation
geolocation
<[null]|[Object]>latitude
<[number]> Latitude between -90 and 90. requiredlongitude
<[number]> Longitude between -180 and 180. requiredaccuracy
<[number]> Non-negative accuracy value. Defaults to0
.
async method: BrowserContext.setHTTPCredentials
Provide credentials for HTTP authentication.
Note
Browsers may cache credentials after successful authentication. Passing different credentials or passing
null
to disable authentication will be unreliable. To remove or replace credentials, create a new browser context instead.
param: BrowserContext.setHTTPCredentials.httpCredentials
httpCredentials
<[null]|[Object]>username
<[string]> requiredpassword
<[string]> required
async method: BrowserContext.setOffline
param: BrowserContext.setOffline.offline
offline
<[boolean]>
Whether to emulate network being offline for the browser context.
async method: BrowserContext.storageState
- returns: <[Object]>
cookies
<[Array]<[Object]>>name
<[string]>value
<[string]>domain
<[string]>path
<[string]>expires
<[number]> Unix time in seconds.httpOnly
<[boolean]>secure
<[boolean]>sameSite
<"Strict"|"Lax"|"None">
origins
<[Array]<[Object]>>origin
<[string]>localStorage
<[Array]<[Object]>>name
<[string]>value
<[string]>
Returns storage state for this browser context, contains current cookies and local storage snapshot.
async method: BrowserContext.unroute
Removes a route created with browserContext.route(). When handler
is not specified, removes all routes for the
url
.
param: BrowserContext.unroute.url
url
<[string]|[RegExp]|[function][URL]
:[boolean]>
A glob pattern, regex pattern or predicate receiving [URL] used to register a routing with browserContext.route().
param: BrowserContext.unroute.handler
handler
<[function]([Route], [Request])>
Optional handler function used to register a routing with browserContext.route().
async method: BrowserContext.waitForEvent
- returns: <[Object]>
Waits for event to fire and passes its value into the predicate function. Resolves when the predicate returns truthy value. Will throw an error if the context closes before the event is fired. Returns the event data value.
const context = await browser.newContext();
await context.grantPermissions(['geolocation']);
param: BrowserContext.waitForEvent.event
event
<[string]>
Event name, same one would pass into browserContext.on(event)
.
param: BrowserContext.waitForEvent.optionsOrPredicate
optionsOrPredicate
<[Function]|[Object]>predicate
<[Function]> receives the event data and resolves to truthy value when the waiting should resolve.timeout
<[number]> maximum time to wait for in milliseconds. Defaults to30000
(30 seconds). Pass0
to disable timeout. The default value can be changed by using the browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout).
Either a predicate that receives an event or an options object. Optional.
class: Page
- extends: EventEmitter
Page provides methods to interact with a single tab in a [Browser], or an extension background page in Chromium. One [Browser] instance might have multiple [Page] instances.
This example creates a page, navigates it to a URL, and then saves a screenshot:
const { webkit } = require('playwright'); // Or 'chromium' or 'firefox'.
(async () => {
const browser = await webkit.launch();
const context = await browser.newContext();
const page = await context.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await page.screenshot({path: 'screenshot.png'});
await browser.close();
})();
The Page class emits various events (described below) which can be handled using any of Node's native
EventEmitter
methods, such as on
, once
or
removeListener
.
This example logs a message for a single page load
event:
page.once('load', () => console.log('Page loaded!'));
To unsubscribe from events use the removeListener
method:
function logRequest(interceptedRequest) {
console.log('A request was made:', interceptedRequest.url());
}
page.on('request', logRequest);
// Sometime later...
page.removeListener('request', logRequest);
event: Page.close
Emitted when the page closes.
event: Page.console
- <[ConsoleMessage]>
Emitted when JavaScript within the page calls one of console API methods, e.g. console.log
or console.dir
. Also
emitted if the page throws an error or a warning.
The arguments passed into console.log
appear as arguments on the event handler.
An example of handling console
event:
page.on('console', msg => {
for (let i = 0; i < msg.args().length; ++i)
console.log(`${i}: ${msg.args()[i]}`);
});
page.evaluate(() => console.log('hello', 5, {foo: 'bar'}));
event: Page.crash
Emitted when the page crashes. Browser pages might crash if they try to allocate too much memory. When the page crashes, ongoing and subsequent operations will throw.
The most common way to deal with crashes is to catch an exception:
try {
// Crash might happen during a click.
await page.click('button');
// Or while waiting for an event.
await page.waitForEvent('popup');
} catch (e) {
// When the page crashes, exception message contains 'crash'.
}
However, when manually listening to events, it might be useful to avoid stalling when the page crashes. In this case,
handling crash
event helps:
await new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
page.on('requestfinished', async request => {
if (await someProcessing(request))
resolve(request);
});
page.on('crash', error => reject(error));
});
event: Page.dialog
- <[Dialog]>
Emitted when a JavaScript dialog appears, such as alert
, prompt
, confirm
or beforeunload
. Playwright can respond
to the dialog via dialog.accept() or dialog.dismiss() methods.
event: Page.domcontentloaded
Emitted when the JavaScript DOMContentLoaded
event is dispatched.
event: Page.download
- <[Download]>
Emitted when attachment download started. User can access basic file operations on downloaded content via the passed [Download] instance.
Note
Browser context must be created with the
acceptDownloads
set totrue
when user needs access to the downloaded content. IfacceptDownloads
is not set or set tofalse
, download events are emitted, but the actual download is not performed and user has no access to the downloaded files.
event: Page.filechooser
- <[FileChooser]>
Emitted when a file chooser is supposed to appear, such as after clicking the <input type=file>
. Playwright can
respond to it via setting the input files using fileChooser.setFiles() that can be uploaded after that.
page.on('filechooser', async (fileChooser) => {
await fileChooser.setFiles('/tmp/myfile.pdf');
});
event: Page.frameattached
- <[Frame]>
Emitted when a frame is attached.
event: Page.framedetached
- <[Frame]>
Emitted when a frame is detached.
event: Page.framenavigated
- <[Frame]>
Emitted when a frame is navigated to a new url.
event: Page.load
Emitted when the JavaScript load
event is dispatched.
event: Page.pageerror
- <[Error]> The exception message
Emitted when an uncaught exception happens within the page.
event: Page.popup
- <[Page]> Page corresponding to "popup" window
Emitted when the page opens a new tab or window. This event is emitted in addition to the browserContext.on('page'), but only for popups relevant to this page.
The earliest moment that page is available is when it has navigated to the initial url. For example, when opening a
popup with window.open('http://example.com')
, this event will fire when the network request to "http://example.com" is
done and its response has started loading in the popup.
const [popup] = await Promise.all([
page.waitForEvent('popup'),
page.evaluate(() => window.open('https://example.com')),
]);
console.log(await popup.evaluate('location.href'));
Note
Use page.waitForLoadState() to wait until the page gets to a particular state (you should not need it in most cases).
event: Page.request
- <[Request]>
Emitted when a page issues a request. The [request] object is read-only. In order to intercept and mutate requests, see page.route() or browserContext.route().
event: Page.requestfailed
- <[Request]>
Emitted when a request fails, for example by timing out.
Note
HTTP Error responses, such as 404 or 503, are still successful responses from HTTP standpoint, so request will complete with page.on('requestfinished') event and not with page.on('requestfailed').
event: Page.requestfinished
- <[Request]>
Emitted when a request finishes successfully after downloading the response body. For a successful response, the
sequence of events is request
, response
and requestfinished
.
event: Page.response
- <[Response]>
Emitted when [response] status and headers are received for a request. For a successful response, the sequence of events
is request
, response
and requestfinished
.
event: Page.websocket
- <[WebSocket]> websocket
Emitted when <[WebSocket]> request is sent.
event: Page.worker
- <[Worker]>
Emitted when a dedicated WebWorker is spawned by the page.
async method: Page.$
- returns: <[null]|[ElementHandle]>
The method finds an element matching the specified selector within the page. If no elements match the selector, the
return value resolves to null
.
Shortcut for main frame's frame.$().
param: Page.$.selector = %%-query-selector-%%
async method: Page.$$
- returns: <[Array]<[ElementHandle]>>
The method finds all elements matching the specified selector within the page. If no elements match the selector, the
return value resolves to []
.
Shortcut for main frame's frame.$$().
param: Page.$$.selector = %%-query-selector-%%
async method: Page.$eval
- returns: <[Serializable]>
The method finds an element matching the specified selector within the page and passes it as a first argument to
pageFunction
. If no elements match the selector, the method throws an error. Returns the value of pageFunction
.
If pageFunction
returns a [Promise], then page.$eval
would wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.
Examples:
const searchValue = await page.$eval('#search', el => el.value);
const preloadHref = await page.$eval('link[rel=preload]', el => el.href);
const html = await page.$eval('.main-container', (e, suffix) => e.outerHTML + suffix, 'hello');
Shortcut for main frame's frame.$eval().
param: Page.$eval.selector = %%-query-selector-%%
param: Page.$eval.pageFunction
pageFunction
<[function]([Element])>
Function to be evaluated in browser context
param: Page.$eval.arg
arg
<[EvaluationArgument]>
Optional argument to pass to pageFunction
async method: Page.$$eval
- returns: <[Serializable]>
The method finds all elements matching the specified selector within the page and passes an array of matched elements as
a first argument to pageFunction
. Returns the result of pageFunction
invocation.
If pageFunction
returns a [Promise], then page.$$eval
would wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.
Examples:
const divsCounts = await page.$$eval('div', (divs, min) => divs.length >= min, 10);
param: Page.$$eval.selector = %%-query-selector-%%
param: Page.$$eval.pageFunction
pageFunction
<[function]([Array]<[Element]>)>
Function to be evaluated in browser context
param: Page.$$eval.arg
arg
<[EvaluationArgument]>
Optional argument to pass to pageFunction
namespace: Page.accessibility
- returns: <[Accessibility]>
async method: Page.addInitScript
Adds a script which would be evaluated in one of the following scenarios:
- Whenever the page is navigated.
- Whenever the child frame is attached or navigated. In this case, the script is evaluated in the context of the newly attached frame.
The script is evaluated after the document was created but before any of its scripts were run. This is useful to amend
the JavaScript environment, e.g. to seed Math.random
.
An example of overriding Math.random
before the page loads:
// preload.js
Math.random = () => 42;
// In your playwright script, assuming the preload.js file is in same directory
const preloadFile = fs.readFileSync('./preload.js', 'utf8');
await page.addInitScript(preloadFile);
Note
The order of evaluation of multiple scripts installed via browserContext.addInitScript() and page.addInitScript() is not defined.
param: Page.addInitScript.script
script
<[function]|[string]|[Object]>path
<[string]> Path to the JavaScript file. Ifpath
is a relative path, then it is resolved relative to current working directory.content
<[string]> Raw script content.
Script to be evaluated in the page.
param: Page.addInitScript.arg
arg
<[Serializable]>
Optional argument to pass to script
(only supported when passing a function).
async method: Page.addScriptTag
- returns: <[ElementHandle]>
Adds a <script>
tag into the page with the desired url or content. Returns the added tag when the script's onload
fires or when the script content was injected into frame.
Shortcut for main frame's frame.addScriptTag().
param: Page.addScriptTag.script
script
<[Object]>url
<[string]> URL of a script to be added.path
<[string]> Path to the JavaScript file to be injected into frame. Ifpath
is a relative path, then it is resolved relative to current working directory.content
<[string]> Raw JavaScript content to be injected into frame.type
<[string]> Script type. Use 'module' in order to load a Javascript ES6 module. See script for more details.
async method: Page.addStyleTag
- returns: <[ElementHandle]>
Adds a <link rel="stylesheet">
tag into the page with the desired url or a <style type="text/css">
tag with the
content. Returns the added tag when the stylesheet's onload fires or when the CSS content was injected into frame.
Shortcut for main frame's frame.addStyleTag().
param: Page.addStyleTag.style
style
<[Object]>url
<[string]> URL of the<link>
tag.path
<[string]> Path to the CSS file to be injected into frame. Ifpath
is a relative path, then it is resolved relative to current working directory.content
<[string]> Raw CSS content to be injected into frame.
async method: Page.bringToFront
Brings page to front (activates tab).
async method: Page.check
This method checks an element matching selector
by performing the following steps:
- Find an element match matching
selector
. If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM. - Ensure that matched element is a checkbox or a radio input. If not, this method rejects. If the element is already checked, this method returns immediately.
- Wait for actionability checks on the matched element, unless
force
option is set. If the element is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried. - Scroll the element into view if needed.
- Use page.mouse to click in the center of the element.
- Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless
noWaitAfter
option is set. - Ensure that the element is now checked. If not, this method rejects.
When all steps combined have not finished during the specified timeout
, this method rejects with a [TimeoutError].
Passing zero timeout disables this.
Shortcut for main frame's frame.check().
param: Page.check.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
option: Page.check.force = %%-input-force-%%
option: Page.check.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: Page.check.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Page.click
This method clicks an element matching selector
by performing the following steps:
- Find an element match matching
selector
. If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM. - Wait for actionability checks on the matched element, unless
force
option is set. If the element is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried. - Scroll the element into view if needed.
- Use page.mouse to click in the center of the element, or the specified
position
. - Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless
noWaitAfter
option is set.
When all steps combined have not finished during the specified timeout
, this method rejects with a [TimeoutError].
Passing zero timeout disables this.
Shortcut for main frame's frame.click().
param: Page.click.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
option: Page.click.button = %%-input-button-%%
option: Page.click.clickCount = %%-input-click-count-%%
option: Page.click.delay = %%-input-down-up-delay-%%
option: Page.click.position = %%-input-position-%%
option: Page.click.modifiers = %%-input-modifiers-%%
option: Page.click.force = %%-input-force-%%
option: Page.click.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: Page.click.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Page.close
If runBeforeUnload
is false
the result will resolve only after the page has been closed. If runBeforeUnload
is
true
the method will not wait for the page to close. By default, page.close()
does not run beforeunload
handlers.
Note
if
runBeforeUnload
is passed as true, abeforeunload
dialog might be summoned and should be handled manually via page.on('dialog') event.
option: Page.close.runBeforeUnload
runBeforeUnload
<[boolean]>
Defaults to false
. Whether to run the before
unload page handlers.
async method: Page.content
- returns: <[string]>
Gets the full HTML contents of the page, including the doctype.
method: Page.context
- returns: <[BrowserContext]>
Get the browser context that the page belongs to.
namespace: Page.coverage
- returns: <[null]|[ChromiumCoverage]>
Browser-specific Coverage implementation, only available for Chromium atm. See ChromiumCoverage for more details.
async method: Page.dblclick
This method double clicks an element matching selector
by performing the following steps:
- Find an element match matching
selector
. If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM. - Wait for actionability checks on the matched element, unless
force
option is set. If the element is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried. - Scroll the element into view if needed.
- Use page.mouse to double click in the center of the element, or the specified
position
. - Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless
noWaitAfter
option is set. Note that if the first click of thedblclick()
triggers a navigation event, this method will reject.
When all steps combined have not finished during the specified timeout
, this method rejects with a [TimeoutError].
Passing zero timeout disables this.
Note
page.dblclick()
dispatches twoclick
events and a singledblclick
event.
Shortcut for main frame's frame.dblclick().
param: Page.dblclick.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
option: Page.dblclick.button = %%-input-button-%%
option: Page.dblclick.delay = %%-input-down-up-delay-%%
option: Page.dblclick.position = %%-input-position-%%
option: Page.dblclick.modifiers = %%-input-modifiers-%%
option: Page.dblclick.force = %%-input-force-%%
option: Page.dblclick.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: Page.dblclick.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Page.dispatchEvent
The snippet below dispatches the click
event on the element. Regardless of the visibility state of the elment, click
is dispatched. This is equivalend to calling
element.click().
await page.dispatchEvent('button#submit', 'click');
Under the hood, it creates an instance of an event based on the given type
, initializes it with eventInit
properties
and dispatches it on the element. Events are composed
, cancelable
and bubble by default.
Since eventInit
is event-specific, please refer to the events documentation for the lists of initial properties:
You can also specify JSHandle
as the property value if you want live objects to be passed into the event:
// Note you can only create DataTransfer in Chromium and Firefox
const dataTransfer = await page.evaluateHandle(() => new DataTransfer());
await page.dispatchEvent('#source', 'dragstart', { dataTransfer });
param: Page.dispatchEvent.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
param: Page.dispatchEvent.type
type
<[string]>
DOM event type: "click"
, "dragstart"
, etc.
param: Page.dispatchEvent.eventInit
eventInit
<[EvaluationArgument]>
Optional event-specific initialization properties.
option: Page.dispatchEvent.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Page.emulateMedia
await page.evaluate(() => matchMedia('screen').matches);
// → true
await page.evaluate(() => matchMedia('print').matches);
// → false
await page.emulateMedia({ media: 'print' });
await page.evaluate(() => matchMedia('screen').matches);
// → false
await page.evaluate(() => matchMedia('print').matches);
// → true
await page.emulateMedia({});
await page.evaluate(() => matchMedia('screen').matches);
// → true
await page.evaluate(() => matchMedia('print').matches);
// → false
await page.emulateMedia({ colorScheme: 'dark' });
await page.evaluate(() => matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches);
// → true
await page.evaluate(() => matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: light)').matches);
// → false
await page.evaluate(() => matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: no-preference)').matches);
// → false
param: Page.emulateMedia.params
params
<[Object]>media
<[null]|"screen"|"print"> Changes the CSS media type of the page. The only allowed values are'screen'
,'print'
andnull
. Passingnull
disables CSS media emulation. Omittingmedia
or passingundefined
does not change the emulated value.colorScheme
<[null]|"light"|"dark"|"no-preference"> Emulates'prefers-colors-scheme'
media feature, supported values are'light'
,'dark'
,'no-preference'
. Passingnull
disables color scheme emulation. OmittingcolorScheme
or passingundefined
does not change the emulated value.
async method: Page.evaluate
- returns: <[Serializable]>
Returns the value of the pageFunction
invacation.
If the function passed to the page.evaluate
returns a [Promise], then page.evaluate
would wait for the promise to
resolve and return its value.
If the function passed to the page.evaluate
returns a non-[Serializable] value, then page.evaluate
resolves to
undefined
. DevTools Protocol also supports transferring some additional values that are not serializable by JSON
:
-0
, NaN
, Infinity
, -Infinity
, and bigint literals.
Passing argument to pageFunction
:
const result = await page.evaluate(([x, y]) => {
return Promise.resolve(x * y);
}, [7, 8]);
console.log(result); // prints "56"
A string can also be passed in instead of a function:
console.log(await page.evaluate('1 + 2')); // prints "3"
const x = 10;
console.log(await page.evaluate(`1 + ${x}`)); // prints "11"
[ElementHandle] instances can be passed as an argument to the page.evaluate
:
const bodyHandle = await page.$('body');
const html = await page.evaluate(([body, suffix]) => body.innerHTML + suffix, [bodyHandle, 'hello']);
await bodyHandle.dispose();
Shortcut for main frame's frame.evaluate().
param: Page.evaluate.pageFunction
pageFunction
<[function]|[string]>
Function to be evaluated in the page context
param: Page.evaluate.arg
arg
<[EvaluationArgument]>
Optional argument to pass to pageFunction
async method: Page.evaluateHandle
- returns: <[JSHandle]>
Returns the value of the pageFunction
invacation as in-page object (JSHandle).
The only difference between page.evaluate
and page.evaluateHandle
is that page.evaluateHandle
returns in-page
object (JSHandle).
If the function passed to the page.evaluateHandle
returns a [Promise], then page.evaluateHandle
would wait for the
promise to resolve and return its value.
A string can also be passed in instead of a function:
const aHandle = await page.evaluateHandle('document'); // Handle for the 'document'
[JSHandle] instances can be passed as an argument to the page.evaluateHandle
:
const aHandle = await page.evaluateHandle(() => document.body);
const resultHandle = await page.evaluateHandle(body => body.innerHTML, aHandle);
console.log(await resultHandle.jsonValue());
await resultHandle.dispose();
param: Page.evaluateHandle.pageFunction
pageFunction
<[function]|[string]>
Function to be evaluated in the page context
param: Page.evaluateHandle.arg
arg
<[EvaluationArgument]>
Optional argument to pass to pageFunction
async method: Page.exposeBinding
The method adds a function called name
on the window
object of every frame in this page. When called, the function
executes playwrightBinding
in Node.js and returns a [Promise] which resolves to the return value of
playwrightBinding
. If the playwrightBinding
returns a [Promise], it will be awaited.
The first argument of the playwrightBinding
function contains information about the caller: { browserContext: BrowserContext, page: Page, frame: Frame }
.
See browserContext.exposeBinding() for the context-wide version.
Note
Functions installed via
page.exposeBinding
survive navigations.
An example of exposing page URL to all frames in a page:
const { webkit } = require('playwright'); // Or 'chromium' or 'firefox'.
(async () => {
const browser = await webkit.launch({ headless: false });
const context = await browser.newContext();
const page = await context.newPage();
await page.exposeBinding('pageURL', ({ page }) => page.url());
await page.setContent(`
<script>
async function onClick() {
document.querySelector('div').textContent = await window.pageURL();
}
</script>
<button onclick="onClick()">Click me</button>
<div></div>
`);
await page.click('button');
})();
An example of passing an element handle:
await page.exposeBinding('clicked', async (source, element) => {
console.log(await element.textContent());
}, { handle: true });
await page.setContent(`
<script>
document.addEventListener('click', event => window.clicked(event.target));
</script>
<div>Click me</div>
<div>Or click me</div>
`);
param: Page.exposeBinding.name
name
<[string]>
Name of the function on the window object.
param: Page.exposeBinding.playwrightBinding
playwrightBinding
<[function]>
Callback function that will be called in the Playwright's context.
option: Page.exposeBinding.handle
handle
<[boolean]>
Whether to pass the argument as a handle, instead of passing by value. When passing a handle, only one argument is supported. When passing by value, multiple arguments are supported.
async method: Page.exposeFunction
The method adds a function called name
on the window
object of every frame in the page. When called, the function
executes playwrightFunction
in Node.js and returns a [Promise] which resolves to the return value of
playwrightFunction
.
If the playwrightFunction
returns a [Promise], it will be awaited.
See browserContext.exposeFunction() for context-wide exposed function.
Note
Functions installed via
page.exposeFunction
survive navigations.
An example of adding an md5
function to the page:
const { webkit } = require('playwright'); // Or 'chromium' or 'firefox'.
const crypto = require('crypto');
(async () => {
const browser = await webkit.launch({ headless: false });
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.exposeFunction('md5', text => crypto.createHash('md5').update(text).digest('hex'));
await page.setContent(`
<script>
async function onClick() {
document.querySelector('div').textContent = await window.md5('PLAYWRIGHT');
}
</script>
<button onclick="onClick()">Click me</button>
<div></div>
`);
await page.click('button');
})();
An example of adding a window.readfile
function to the page:
const { chromium } = require('playwright'); // Or 'firefox' or 'webkit'.
const fs = require('fs');
(async () => {
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
page.on('console', msg => console.log(msg.text()));
await page.exposeFunction('readfile', async filePath => {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
fs.readFile(filePath, 'utf8', (err, text) => {
if (err)
reject(err);
else
resolve(text);
});
});
});
await page.evaluate(async () => {
// use window.readfile to read contents of a file
const content = await window.readfile('/etc/hosts');
console.log(content);
});
await browser.close();
})();
param: Page.exposeFunction.name
name
<[string]>
Name of the function on the window object
param: Page.exposeFunction.playwrightFunction
playwrightFunction
<[function]>
Callback function which will be called in Playwright's context.
async method: Page.fill
This method waits for an element matching selector
, waits for actionability checks, focuses the
element, fills it and triggers an input
event after filling. If the element matching selector
is not an <input>
,
<textarea>
or [contenteditable]
element, this method throws an error. Note that you can pass an empty string to
clear the input field.
To send fine-grained keyboard events, use page.type().
Shortcut for main frame's frame.fill()
param: Page.fill.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
param: Page.fill.value
value
<[string]>
Value to fill for the <input>
, <textarea>
or [contenteditable]
element.
option: Page.fill.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: Page.fill.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Page.focus
This method fetches an element with selector
and focuses it. If there's no element matching selector
, the method
waits until a matching element appears in the DOM.
Shortcut for main frame's frame.focus().
param: Page.focus.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
option: Page.focus.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
method: Page.frame
- returns: <[null]|[Frame]>
Returns frame matching the specified criteria. Either name
or url
must be specified.
const frame = page.frame('frame-name');
const frame = page.frame({ url: /.*domain.*/ });
param: Page.frame.frameSelector
frameSelector
<[string]|[Object]>name
<[string]> frame name specified in theiframe
'sname
attributeurl
<[string]|[RegExp]|[Function]> A glob pattern, regex pattern or predicate receiving frame'surl
as a [URL] object.
Frame name or other frame lookup options.
method: Page.frames
- returns: <[Array]<[Frame]>>
An array of all frames attached to the page.
async method: Page.getAttribute
- returns: <[null]|[string]>
Returns element attribute value.
param: Page.getAttribute.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
param: Page.getAttribute.name
name
<[string]>
Attribute name to get the value for.
option: Page.getAttribute.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Page.goBack
- returns: <[null]|[Response]>
Returns the main resource response. In case of multiple redirects, the navigation will resolve with the response of the
last redirect. If can not go back, resolves to null
.
Navigate to the previous page in history.
option: Page.goBack.timeout = %%-navigation-timeout-%%
option: Page.goBack.waitUntil = %%-navigation-wait-until-%%
async method: Page.goForward
- returns: <[null]|[Response]>
Returns the main resource response. In case of multiple redirects, the navigation will resolve with the response of the
last redirect. If can not go forward, resolves to null
.
Navigate to the next page in history.
option: Page.goForward.timeout = %%-navigation-timeout-%%
option: Page.goForward.waitUntil = %%-navigation-wait-until-%%
async method: Page.goto
- returns: <[null]|[Response]>
Returns the main resource response. In case of multiple redirects, the navigation will resolve with the response of the last redirect.
page.goto
will throw an error if:
- there's an SSL error (e.g. in case of self-signed certificates).
- target URL is invalid.
- the
timeout
is exceeded during navigation. - the remote server does not respond or is unreachable.
- the main resource failed to load.
page.goto
will not throw an error when any valid HTTP status code is returned by the remote server, including 404 "Not
Found" and 500 "Internal Server Error". The status code for such responses can be retrieved by calling
response.status().
Note
page.goto
either throws an error or returns a main resource response. The only exceptions are navigation toabout:blank
or navigation to the same URL with a different hash, which would succeed and returnnull
. NOTE Headless mode doesn't support navigation to a PDF document. See the upstream issue.
Shortcut for main frame's frame.goto()
param: Page.goto.url
url
<[string]>
URL to navigate page to. The url should include scheme, e.g. https://
.
option: Page.goto.timeout = %%-navigation-timeout-%%
option: Page.goto.waitUntil = %%-navigation-wait-until-%%
option: Page.goto.referer
referer
<[string]>
Referer header value. If provided it will take preference over the referer header value set by page.setExtraHTTPHeaders().
async method: Page.hover
This method hovers over an element matching selector
by performing the following steps:
- Find an element match matching
selector
. If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM. - Wait for actionability checks on the matched element, unless
force
option is set. If the element is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried. - Scroll the element into view if needed.
- Use page.mouse to hover over the center of the element, or the specified
position
. - Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless
noWaitAfter
option is set.
When all steps combined have not finished during the specified timeout
, this method rejects with a [TimeoutError].
Passing zero timeout disables this.
Shortcut for main frame's frame.hover().
param: Page.hover.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
option: Page.hover.position = %%-input-position-%%
option: Page.hover.modifiers = %%-input-modifiers-%%
option: Page.hover.force = %%-input-force-%%
option: Page.hover.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Page.innerHTML
- returns: <[string]>
Returns element.innerHTML
.
param: Page.innerHTML.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
option: Page.innerHTML.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Page.innerText
- returns: <[string]>
Returns element.innerText
.
param: Page.innerText.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
option: Page.innerText.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
method: Page.isClosed
- returns: <[boolean]>
Indicates that the page has been closed.
namespace: Page.keyboard
- returns: <[Keyboard]>
method: Page.mainFrame
- returns: <[Frame]>
The page's main frame. Page is guaranteed to have a main frame which persists during navigations.
namespace: Page.mouse
- returns: <[Mouse]>
async method: Page.opener
- returns: <[null]|[Page]>
Returns the opener for popup pages and null
for others. If the opener has been closed already the promise may resolve
to null
.
async method: Page.pdf
- returns: <[Buffer]>
Returns the PDF buffer.
Note
Generating a pdf is currently only supported in Chromium headless.
page.pdf()
generates a pdf of the page with print
css media. To generate a pdf with screen
media, call
page.emulateMedia() before calling page.pdf()
:
Note
By default,
page.pdf()
generates a pdf with modified colors for printing. Use the-webkit-print-color-adjust
property to force rendering of exact colors.
// Generates a PDF with 'screen' media type.
await page.emulateMedia({media: 'screen'});
await page.pdf({path: 'page.pdf'});
The width
, height
, and margin
options accept values labeled with units. Unlabeled values are treated as pixels.
A few examples:
page.pdf({width: 100})
- prints with width set to 100 pixelspage.pdf({width: '100px'})
- prints with width set to 100 pixelspage.pdf({width: '10cm'})
- prints with width set to 10 centimeters.
All possible units are:
px
- pixelin
- inchcm
- centimetermm
- millimeter
The format
options are:
Letter
: 8.5in x 11inLegal
: 8.5in x 14inTabloid
: 11in x 17inLedger
: 17in x 11inA0
: 33.1in x 46.8inA1
: 23.4in x 33.1inA2
: 16.54in x 23.4inA3
: 11.7in x 16.54inA4
: 8.27in x 11.7inA5
: 5.83in x 8.27inA6
: 4.13in x 5.83in
Note
headerTemplate
andfooterTemplate
markup have the following limitations:
- Script tags inside templates are not evaluated.
- Page styles are not visible inside templates.
option: Page.pdf.path
path
<[string]>
The file path to save the PDF to. If path
is a relative path, then it is resolved relative to current working
directory. If no path is provided, the PDF won't be saved to
the disk.
option: Page.pdf.scale
scale
<[number]>
Scale of the webpage rendering. Defaults to 1
. Scale amount must be between 0.1 and 2.
option: Page.pdf.displayHeaderFooter
displayHeaderFooter
<[boolean]>
Display header and footer. Defaults to false
.
option: Page.pdf.headerTemplate
headerTemplate
<[string]>'date'
formatted print date'title'
document title'url'
document location'pageNumber'
current page number'totalPages'
total pages in the document
HTML template for the print header. Should be valid HTML markup with following classes used to inject printing values into them:
option: Page.pdf.footerTemplate
footerTemplate
<[string]>
HTML template for the print footer. Should use the same format as the headerTemplate
.
option: Page.pdf.printBackground
printBackground
<[boolean]>
Print background graphics. Defaults to false
.
option: Page.pdf.landscape
landscape
<[boolean]>
Paper orientation. Defaults to false
.
option: Page.pdf.pageRanges
pageRanges
<[string]>
Paper ranges to print, e.g., '1-5, 8, 11-13'. Defaults to the empty string, which means print all pages.
option: Page.pdf.format
format
<[string]>
Paper format. If set, takes priority over width
or height
options. Defaults to 'Letter'.
option: Page.pdf.width
width
<[string]|[number]>
Paper width, accepts values labeled with units.
option: Page.pdf.height
height
<[string]|[number]>
Paper height, accepts values labeled with units.
option: Page.pdf.margin
margin
<[Object]>top
<[string]|[number]> Top margin, accepts values labeled with units. Defaults to0
.right
<[string]|[number]> Right margin, accepts values labeled with units. Defaults to0
.bottom
<[string]|[number]> Bottom margin, accepts values labeled with units. Defaults to0
.left
<[string]|[number]> Left margin, accepts values labeled with units. Defaults to0
.
Paper margins, defaults to none.
option: Page.pdf.preferCSSPageSize
preferCSSPageSize
<[boolean]>
Give any CSS @page
size declared in the page priority over what is declared in width
and height
or format
options. Defaults to false
, which will scale the content to fit the paper size.
async method: Page.press
Focuses the element, and then uses keyboard.down() and keyboard.up().
key
can specify the intended keyboardEvent.key
value or a single character to generate the text for. A superset of the key
values can be found
here. Examples of the keys are:
F1
- F12
, Digit0
- Digit9
, KeyA
- KeyZ
, Backquote
, Minus
, Equal
, Backslash
, Backspace
, Tab
,
Delete
, Escape
, ArrowDown
, End
, Enter
, Home
, Insert
, PageDown
, PageUp
, ArrowRight
, ArrowUp
, etc.
Following modification shortcuts are also suported: Shift
, Control
, Alt
, Meta
, ShiftLeft
.
Holding down Shift
will type the text that corresponds to the key
in the upper case.
If key
is a single character, it is case-sensitive, so the values a
and A
will generate different respective
texts.
Shortcuts such as key: "Control+o"
or key: "Control+Shift+T"
are supported as well. When speficied with the
modifier, modifier is pressed and being held while the subsequent key is being pressed.
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto('https://keycode.info');
await page.press('body', 'A');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'A.png' });
await page.press('body', 'ArrowLeft');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'ArrowLeft.png' });
await page.press('body', 'Shift+O');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'O.png' });
await browser.close();
param: Page.press.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
param: Page.press.key
key
<[string]>
Name of the key to press or a character to generate, such as ArrowLeft
or a
.
option: Page.press.delay
delay
<[number]>
Time to wait between keydown
and keyup
in milliseconds. Defaults to 0.
option: Page.press.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: Page.press.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Page.reload
- returns: <[null]|[Response]>
Returns the main resource response. In case of multiple redirects, the navigation will resolve with the response of the last redirect.
option: Page.reload.timeout = %%-navigation-timeout-%%
option: Page.reload.waitUntil = %%-navigation-wait-until-%%
async method: Page.route
Routing provides the capability to modify network requests that are made by a page.
Once routing is enabled, every request matching the url pattern will stall unless it's continued, fulfilled or aborted.
Note
The handler will only be called for the first url if the response is a redirect.
An example of a naïve handler that aborts all image requests:
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.route('**/*.{png,jpg,jpeg}', route => route.abort());
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await browser.close();
or the same snippet using a regex pattern instead:
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.route(/(\.png$)|(\.jpg$)/, route => route.abort());
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await browser.close();
Page routes take precedence over browser context routes (set up with browserContext.route()) when request matches both handlers.
Note
Enabling routing disables http cache.
param: Page.route.url
url
<[string]|[RegExp]|[function][URL]
:[boolean]>
A glob pattern, regex pattern or predicate receiving [URL] to match while routing.
param: Page.route.handler
handler
<[function]([Route], [Request])>
handler function to route the request.
async method: Page.screenshot
- returns: <[Buffer]>
Returns the buffer with the captured screenshot.
Note
Screenshots take at least 1/6 second on Chromium OS X and Chromium Windows. See https://crbug.com/741689 for discussion.
option: Page.screenshot.path
path
<[string]>
The file path to save the image to. The screenshot type will be inferred from file extension. If path
is a relative
path, then it is resolved relative to current working
directory. If no path is provided, the image won't be saved to
the disk.
option: Page.screenshot.type
type
<"png"|"jpeg">
Specify screenshot type, defaults to png
.
option: Page.screenshot.quality
quality
<[number]>
The quality of the image, between 0-100. Not applicable to png
images.
option: Page.screenshot.fullPage
fullPage
<[boolean]>
When true, takes a screenshot of the full scrollable page, instead of the currently visible viewport. Defaults to
false
.
option: Page.screenshot.clip
clip
<[Object]>x
<[number]> x-coordinate of top-left corner of clip areay
<[number]> y-coordinate of top-left corner of clip areawidth
<[number]> width of clipping areaheight
<[number]> height of clipping area
An object which specifies clipping of the resulting image. Should have the following fields:
option: Page.screenshot.omitBackground
omitBackground
<[boolean]>
Hides default white background and allows capturing screenshots with transparency. Not applicable to jpeg
images.
Defaults to false
.
option: Page.screenshot.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Page.selectOption
- returns: <[Array]<[string]>>
Returns the array of option values that have been successfully selected.
Triggers a change
and input
event once all the provided options have been selected. If there's no <select>
element
matching selector
, the method throws an error.
// single selection matching the value
page.selectOption('select#colors', 'blue');
// single selection matching both the value and the label
page.selectOption('select#colors', { label: 'Blue' });
// multiple selection
page.selectOption('select#colors', ['red', 'green', 'blue']);
Shortcut for main frame's frame.selectOption()
param: Page.selectOption.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
param: Page.selectOption.values
values
<[null]|[string]|[ElementHandle]|[Array]<[string]>|[Object]|[Array]<[ElementHandle]>|[Array]<[Object]>>value
<[string]> Matches byoption.value
.label
<[string]> Matches byoption.label
.index
<[number]> Matches by the index.
Options to select. If the <select>
has the multiple
attribute, all matching options are selected, otherwise only the
first option matching one of the passed options is selected. String values are equivalent to {value:'string'}
. Option
is considered matching if all specified properties match.
option: Page.selectOption.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: Page.selectOption.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Page.setContent
param: Page.setContent.html
html
<[string]>
HTML markup to assign to the page.
option: Page.setContent.timeout = %%-navigation-timeout-%%
option: Page.setContent.waitUntil = %%-navigation-wait-until-%%
method: Page.setDefaultNavigationTimeout
This setting will change the default maximum navigation time for the following methods and related shortcuts:
Note
page.setDefaultNavigationTimeout() takes priority over page.setDefaultTimeout(), browserContext.setDefaultTimeout() and browserContext.setDefaultNavigationTimeout().
param: Page.setDefaultNavigationTimeout.timeout
timeout
<[number]>
Maximum navigation time in milliseconds
method: Page.setDefaultTimeout
This setting will change the default maximum time for all the methods accepting timeout
option.
Note
page.setDefaultNavigationTimeout() takes priority over page.setDefaultTimeout().
param: Page.setDefaultTimeout.timeout
timeout
<[number]>
Maximum time in milliseconds
async method: Page.setExtraHTTPHeaders
The extra HTTP headers will be sent with every request the page initiates.
Note
page.setExtraHTTPHeaders does not guarantee the order of headers in the outgoing requests.
param: Page.setExtraHTTPHeaders.headers
headers
<[Object]<[string], [string]>>
An object containing additional HTTP headers to be sent with every request. All header values must be strings.
async method: Page.setInputFiles
This method expects selector
to point to an input
element.
Sets the value of the file input to these file paths or files. If some of the filePaths
are relative paths, then they
are resolved relative to the current working directory. For
empty array, clears the selected files.
param: Page.setInputFiles.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
param: Page.setInputFiles.files = %%-input-files-%%
option: Page.setInputFiles.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: Page.setInputFiles.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Page.setViewportSize
In the case of multiple pages in a single browser, each page can have its own viewport size. However, browser.newContext() allows to set viewport size (and more) for all pages in the context at once.
page.setViewportSize
will resize the page. A lot of websites don't expect phones to change size, so you should set the
viewport size before navigating to the page.
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.setViewportSize({
width: 640,
height: 480,
});
await page.goto('https://example.com');
param: Page.setViewportSize.viewportSize
viewportSize
<[Object]>width
<[number]> page width in pixels. requiredheight
<[number]> page height in pixels. required
async method: Page.tap
This method taps an element matching selector
by performing the following steps:
- Find an element match matching
selector
. If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM. - Wait for actionability checks on the matched element, unless
force
option is set. If the element is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried. - Scroll the element into view if needed.
- Use page.touchscreen to tap the center of the element, or the specified
position
. - Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless
noWaitAfter
option is set.
When all steps combined have not finished during the specified timeout
, this method rejects with a [TimeoutError].
Passing zero timeout disables this.
Note
page.tap()
requires that thehasTouch
option of the browser context be set to true.
Shortcut for main frame's frame.tap().
param: Page.tap.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
option: Page.tap.position = %%-input-position-%%
option: Page.tap.modifiers = %%-input-modifiers-%%
option: Page.tap.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: Page.tap.force = %%-input-force-%%
option: Page.tap.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Page.textContent
- returns: <[null]|[string]>
Returns element.textContent
.
param: Page.textContent.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
option: Page.textContent.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Page.title
- returns: <[string]>
Returns the page's title. Shortcut for main frame's frame.title().
namespace: Page.touchscreen
- returns: <[Touchscreen]>
async method: Page.type
Sends a keydown
, keypress
/input
, and keyup
event for each character in the text. page.type
can be used to send
fine-grained keyboard events. To fill values in form fields, use page.fill().
To press a special key, like Control
or ArrowDown
, use keyboard.press().
await page.type('#mytextarea', 'Hello'); // Types instantly
await page.type('#mytextarea', 'World', {delay: 100}); // Types slower, like a user
Shortcut for main frame's frame.type().
param: Page.type.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
param: Page.type.text
text
<[string]>
A text to type into a focused element.
option: Page.type.delay
delay
<[number]>
Time to wait between key presses in milliseconds. Defaults to 0.
option: Page.type.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: Page.type.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Page.uncheck
This method unchecks an element matching selector
by performing the following steps:
- Find an element match matching
selector
. If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM. - Ensure that matched element is a checkbox or a radio input. If not, this method rejects. If the element is already unchecked, this method returns immediately.
- Wait for actionability checks on the matched element, unless
force
option is set. If the element is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried. - Scroll the element into view if needed.
- Use page.mouse to click in the center of the element.
- Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless
noWaitAfter
option is set. - Ensure that the element is now unchecked. If not, this method rejects.
When all steps combined have not finished during the specified timeout
, this method rejects with a [TimeoutError].
Passing zero timeout disables this.
Shortcut for main frame's frame.uncheck().
param: Page.uncheck.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
option: Page.uncheck.force = %%-input-force-%%
option: Page.uncheck.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: Page.uncheck.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Page.unroute
Removes a route created with page.route(). When handler
is not specified, removes all routes for the url
.
param: Page.unroute.url
url
<[string]|[RegExp]|[function][URL]
:[boolean]>
A glob pattern, regex pattern or predicate receiving [URL] to match while routing.
param: Page.unroute.handler
handler
<[function]([Route], [Request])>
Optional handler function to route the request.
method: Page.url
- returns: <[string]>
Shortcut for main frame's frame.url().
method: Page.video
- returns: <[null]|[Video]>
Video object associated with this page.
method: Page.viewportSize
- returns: <[null]|[Object]>
width
<[number]> page width in pixels.height
<[number]> page height in pixels.
async method: Page.waitForEvent
- returns: <[Object]>
Returns the event data value.
Waits for event to fire and passes its value into the predicate function. Resolves when the predicate returns truthy value. Will throw an error if the page is closed before the event is fired.
param: Page.waitForEvent.event
event
<[string]>
Event name, same one would pass into page.on(event)
.
param: Page.waitForEvent.optionsOrPredicate
optionsOrPredicate
<[Function]|[Object]>predicate
<[Function]> receives the event data and resolves to truthy value when the waiting should resolve.timeout
<[number]> maximum time to wait for in milliseconds. Defaults to30000
(30 seconds). Pass0
to disable timeout. The default value can be changed by using the browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout).
Either a predicate that receives an event or an options object. Optional.
async method: Page.waitForFunction
- returns: <[JSHandle]>
Returns when the pageFunction
returns a truthy value. It resolves to a JSHandle of the truthy value.
The waitForFunction
can be used to observe viewport size change:
const { webkit } = require('playwright'); // Or 'chromium' or 'firefox'.
(async () => {
const browser = await webkit.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
const watchDog = page.waitForFunction('window.innerWidth < 100');
await page.setViewportSize({width: 50, height: 50});
await watchDog;
await browser.close();
})();
To pass an argument from Node.js to the predicate of page.waitForFunction
function:
const selector = '.foo';
await page.waitForFunction(selector => !!document.querySelector(selector), selector);
Shortcut for main frame's frame.waitForFunction().
param: Page.waitForFunction.pageFunction
pageFunction
<[function]|[string]>
Function to be evaluated in browser context
param: Page.waitForFunction.arg
arg
<[EvaluationArgument]>
Optional argument to pass to pageFunction
option: Page.waitForFunction.polling
polling
<[number]|"raf">
If polling
is 'raf'
, then pageFunction
is constantly executed in requestAnimationFrame
callback. If polling
is
a number, then it is treated as an interval in milliseconds at which the function would be executed. Defaults to raf
.
option: Page.waitForFunction.timeout = %%-wait-for-timeout-%%
async method: Page.waitForLoadState
Returns when the required load state has been reached.
This resolves when the page reaches a required load state, load
by default. The navigation must have been committed
when this method is called. If current document has already reached the required state, resolves immediately.
await page.click('button'); // Click triggers navigation.
await page.waitForLoadState(); // The promise resolves after 'load' event.
const [popup] = await Promise.all([
page.waitForEvent('popup'),
page.click('button'), // Click triggers a popup.
])
await popup.waitForLoadState('domcontentloaded'); // The promise resolves after 'domcontentloaded' event.
console.log(await popup.title()); // Popup is ready to use.
Shortcut for main frame's frame.waitForLoadState().
param: Page.waitForLoadState.state
state
<"load"|"domcontentloaded"|"networkidle">'load'
- wait for theload
event to be fired.'domcontentloaded'
- wait for theDOMContentLoaded
event to be fired.'networkidle'
- wait until there are no network connections for at least500
ms.
Load state to wait for, defaults to load
. If the state has been already reached while loading current document, the
method resolves immediately. Optional.
option: Page.waitForLoadState.timeout = %%-navigation-timeout-%%
async method: Page.waitForNavigation
- returns: <[null]|[Response]>
Returns the main resource response. In case of multiple redirects, the navigation will resolve with the response of the
last redirect. In case of navigation to a different anchor or navigation due to History API usage, the navigation will
resolve with null
.
This resolves when the page navigates to a new URL or reloads. It is useful for when you run code which will indirectly
cause the page to navigate. e.g. The click target has an onclick
handler that triggers navigation from a setTimeout
.
Consider this example:
const [response] = await Promise.all([
page.waitForNavigation(), // The promise resolves after navigation has finished
page.click('a.delayed-navigation'), // Clicking the link will indirectly cause a navigation
]);
NOTE Usage of the History API to change the URL is considered a navigation.
Shortcut for main frame's frame.waitForNavigation().
option: Page.waitForNavigation.timeout = %%-navigation-timeout-%%
option: Page.waitForNavigation.url
url
<[string]|[RegExp]|[Function]>
A glob pattern, regex pattern or predicate receiving [URL] to match while waiting for the navigation.
option: Page.waitForNavigation.waitUntil = %%-navigation-wait-until-%%
async method: Page.waitForRequest
- returns: <[Request]>
Returns promise that resolves to the matched request.
const firstRequest = await page.waitForRequest('http://example.com/resource');
const finalRequest = await page.waitForRequest(request => request.url() === 'http://example.com' && request.method() === 'GET');
return firstRequest.url();
await page.waitForRequest(request => request.url().searchParams.get('foo') === 'bar' && request.url().searchParams.get('foo2') === 'bar2');
param: Page.waitForRequest.urlOrPredicate
urlOrPredicate
<[string]|[RegExp]|[Function]>
Request URL string, regex or predicate receiving [Request] object.
option: Page.waitForRequest.timeout
timeout
<[number]>
Maximum wait time in milliseconds, defaults to 30 seconds, pass 0
to disable the timeout. The default value can be
changed by using the page.setDefaultTimeout() method.
async method: Page.waitForResponse
- returns: <[Response]>
Returns the matched response.
const firstResponse = await page.waitForResponse('https://example.com/resource');
const finalResponse = await page.waitForResponse(response => response.url() === 'https://example.com' && response.status() === 200);
return finalResponse.ok();
param: Page.waitForResponse.urlOrPredicate
urlOrPredicate
<[string]|[RegExp]|[function][Response]
:[boolean]>
Request URL string, regex or predicate receiving [Response] object.
option: Page.waitForResponse.timeout
timeout
<[number]>
Maximum wait time in milliseconds, defaults to 30 seconds, pass 0
to disable the timeout. The default value can be
changed by using the browserContext.setDefaultTimeout() or page.setDefaultTimeout() methods.
async method: Page.waitForSelector
- returns: <[null]|[ElementHandle]>
Returns when element specified by selector satisfies state
option. Resolves to null
if waiting for hidden
or
detached
.
Wait for the selector
to satisfy state
option (either appear/disappear from dom, or become visible/hidden). If at
the moment of calling the method selector
already satisfies the condition, the method will return immediately. If the
selector doesn't satisfy the condition for the timeout
milliseconds, the function will throw.
This method works across navigations:
const { chromium } = require('playwright'); // Or 'firefox' or 'webkit'.
(async () => {
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
let currentURL;
page
.waitForSelector('img')
.then(() => console.log('First URL with image: ' + currentURL));
for (currentURL of ['https://example.com', 'https://google.com', 'https://bbc.com']) {
await page.goto(currentURL);
}
await browser.close();
})();
param: Page.waitForSelector.selector = %%-query-selector-%%
option: Page.waitForSelector.state = %%-wait-for-selector-state-%%
option: Page.waitForSelector.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Page.waitForTimeout
Returns a promise that resolves after the timeout.
Note that page.waitForTimeout()
should only be used for debugging. Tests using the timer in production are going to be
flaky. Use signals such as network events, selectors becoming visible and others instead.
// wait for 1 second
await page.waitForTimeout(1000);
Shortcut for main frame's frame.waitForTimeout().
param: Page.waitForTimeout.timeout
timeout
<[number]>
A timeout to wait for
method: Page.workers
- returns: <[Array]<[Worker]>>
This method returns all of the dedicated WebWorkers associated with the page.
Note
This does not contain ServiceWorkers
class: Frame
At every point of time, page exposes its current frame tree via the page.mainFrame() and frame.childFrames() methods.
[Frame] object's lifecycle is controlled by three events, dispatched on the page object:
- page.on('frameattached') - fired when the frame gets attached to the page. A Frame can be attached to the page only once.
- page.on('framenavigated') - fired when the frame commits navigation to a different URL.
- page.on('framedetached') - fired when the frame gets detached from the page. A Frame can be detached from the page only once.
An example of dumping frame tree:
const { firefox } = require('playwright'); // Or 'chromium' or 'webkit'.
(async () => {
const browser = await firefox.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto('https://www.google.com/chrome/browser/canary.html');
dumpFrameTree(page.mainFrame(), '');
await browser.close();
function dumpFrameTree(frame, indent) {
console.log(indent + frame.url());
for (const child of frame.childFrames()) {
dumpFrameTree(child, indent + ' ');
}
}
})();
An example of getting text from an iframe element:
const frame = page.frames().find(frame => frame.name() === 'myframe');
const text = await frame.$eval('.selector', element => element.textContent);
console.log(text);
async method: Frame.$
- returns: <[null]|[ElementHandle]>
Returns the ElementHandle pointing to the frame element.
The method finds an element matching the specified selector within the frame. See Working with
selectors for more details. If no elements match the selector, the return value resolves to
null
.
param: Frame.$.selector = %%-query-selector-%%
async method: Frame.$$
- returns: <[Array]<[ElementHandle]>>
Returns the ElementHandles pointing to the frame elements.
The method finds all elements matching the specified selector within the frame. See Working with
selectors for more details. If no elements match the selector, the return value resolves to
[]
.
param: Frame.$$.selector = %%-query-selector-%%
async method: Frame.$eval
- returns: <[Serializable]>
Returns the return value of pageFunction
The method finds an element matching the specified selector within the frame and passes it as a first argument to
pageFunction
. See Working with selectors for more details. If no elements match the
selector, the method throws an error.
If pageFunction
returns a [Promise], then frame.$eval
would wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.
Examples:
const searchValue = await frame.$eval('#search', el => el.value);
const preloadHref = await frame.$eval('link[rel=preload]', el => el.href);
const html = await frame.$eval('.main-container', (e, suffix) => e.outerHTML + suffix, 'hello');
param: Frame.$eval.selector = %%-query-selector-%%
param: Frame.$eval.pageFunction
pageFunction
<[function]([Element])>
Function to be evaluated in browser context
param: Frame.$eval.arg
arg
<[EvaluationArgument]>
Optional argument to pass to pageFunction
async method: Frame.$$eval
- returns: <[Serializable]>
Returns the return value of pageFunction
The method finds all elements matching the specified selector within the frame and passes an array of matched elements
as a first argument to pageFunction
. See Working with selectors for more details.
If pageFunction
returns a [Promise], then frame.$$eval
would wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.
Examples:
const divsCounts = await frame.$$eval('div', (divs, min) => divs.length >= min, 10);
param: Frame.$$eval.selector = %%-query-selector-%%
param: Frame.$$eval.pageFunction
pageFunction
<[function]([Array]<[Element]>)>
Function to be evaluated in browser context
param: Frame.$$eval.arg
arg
<[EvaluationArgument]>
Optional argument to pass to pageFunction
async method: Frame.addScriptTag
- returns: <[ElementHandle]>
Returns the added tag when the script's onload fires or when the script content was injected into frame.
Adds a <script>
tag into the page with the desired url or content.
param: Frame.addScriptTag.script
script
<[Object]>url
<[string]> URL of a script to be added.path
<[string]> Path to the JavaScript file to be injected into frame. Ifpath
is a relative path, then it is resolved relative to current working directory.content
<[string]> Raw JavaScript content to be injected into frame.type
<[string]> Script type. Use 'module' in order to load a Javascript ES6 module. See script for more details.
async method: Frame.addStyleTag
- returns: <[ElementHandle]>
Returns the added tag when the stylesheet's onload fires or when the CSS content was injected into frame.
Adds a <link rel="stylesheet">
tag into the page with the desired url or a <style type="text/css">
tag with the
content.
param: Frame.addStyleTag.style
style
<[Object]>url
<[string]> URL of the<link>
tag.path
<[string]> Path to the CSS file to be injected into frame. Ifpath
is a relative path, then it is resolved relative to current working directory.content
<[string]> Raw CSS content to be injected into frame.
async method: Frame.check
This method checks an element matching selector
by performing the following steps:
- Find an element match matching
selector
. If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM. - Ensure that matched element is a checkbox or a radio input. If not, this method rejects. If the element is already checked, this method returns immediately.
- Wait for actionability checks on the matched element, unless
force
option is set. If the element is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried. - Scroll the element into view if needed.
- Use page.mouse to click in the center of the element.
- Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless
noWaitAfter
option is set. - Ensure that the element is now checked. If not, this method rejects.
When all steps combined have not finished during the specified timeout
, this method rejects with a [TimeoutError].
Passing zero timeout disables this.
param: Frame.check.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
option: Frame.check.force = %%-input-force-%%
option: Frame.check.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: Frame.check.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
method: Frame.childFrames
- returns: <[Array]<[Frame]>>
async method: Frame.click
This method clicks an element matching selector
by performing the following steps:
- Find an element match matching
selector
. If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM. - Wait for actionability checks on the matched element, unless
force
option is set. If the element is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried. - Scroll the element into view if needed.
- Use page.mouse to click in the center of the element, or the specified
position
. - Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless
noWaitAfter
option is set.
When all steps combined have not finished during the specified timeout
, this method rejects with a [TimeoutError].
Passing zero timeout disables this.
param: Frame.click.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
option: Frame.click.button = %%-input-button-%%
option: Frame.click.clickCount = %%-input-click-count-%%
option: Frame.click.delay = %%-input-down-up-delay-%%
option: Frame.click.position = %%-input-position-%%
option: Frame.click.modifiers = %%-input-modifiers-%%
option: Frame.click.force = %%-input-force-%%
option: Frame.click.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: Frame.click.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Frame.content
- returns: <[string]>
Gets the full HTML contents of the frame, including the doctype.
async method: Frame.dblclick
This method double clicks an element matching selector
by performing the following steps:
- Find an element match matching
selector
. If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM. - Wait for actionability checks on the matched element, unless
force
option is set. If the element is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried. - Scroll the element into view if needed.
- Use page.mouse to double click in the center of the element, or the specified
position
. - Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless
noWaitAfter
option is set. Note that if the first click of thedblclick()
triggers a navigation event, this method will reject.
When all steps combined have not finished during the specified timeout
, this method rejects with a [TimeoutError].
Passing zero timeout disables this.
Note
frame.dblclick()
dispatches twoclick
events and a singledblclick
event.
param: Frame.dblclick.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
option: Frame.dblclick.button = %%-input-button-%%
option: Frame.dblclick.delay = %%-input-down-up-delay-%%
option: Frame.dblclick.position = %%-input-position-%%
option: Frame.dblclick.modifiers = %%-input-modifiers-%%
option: Frame.dblclick.force = %%-input-force-%%
option: Frame.dblclick.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: Frame.dblclick.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Frame.dispatchEvent
The snippet below dispatches the click
event on the element. Regardless of the visibility state of the elment, click
is dispatched. This is equivalend to calling
element.click().
await frame.dispatchEvent('button#submit', 'click');
Under the hood, it creates an instance of an event based on the given type
, initializes it with eventInit
properties
and dispatches it on the element. Events are composed
, cancelable
and bubble by default.
Since eventInit
is event-specific, please refer to the events documentation for the lists of initial properties:
You can also specify JSHandle
as the property value if you want live objects to be passed into the event:
// Note you can only create DataTransfer in Chromium and Firefox
const dataTransfer = await frame.evaluateHandle(() => new DataTransfer());
await frame.dispatchEvent('#source', 'dragstart', { dataTransfer });
param: Frame.dispatchEvent.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
param: Frame.dispatchEvent.type
type
<[string]>
DOM event type: "click"
, "dragstart"
, etc.
param: Frame.dispatchEvent.eventInit
eventInit
<[EvaluationArgument]>
Optional event-specific initialization properties.
option: Frame.dispatchEvent.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Frame.evaluate
- returns: <[Serializable]>
Returns the return value of pageFunction
If the function passed to the frame.evaluate
returns a [Promise], then frame.evaluate
would wait for the promise to
resolve and return its value.
If the function passed to the frame.evaluate
returns a non-[Serializable] value, then frame.evaluate
resolves to
undefined
. DevTools Protocol also supports transferring some additional values that are not serializable by JSON
:
-0
, NaN
, Infinity
, -Infinity
, and bigint literals.
const result = await frame.evaluate(([x, y]) => {
return Promise.resolve(x * y);
}, [7, 8]);
console.log(result); // prints "56"
A string can also be passed in instead of a function.
console.log(await frame.evaluate('1 + 2')); // prints "3"
[ElementHandle] instances can be passed as an argument to the frame.evaluate
:
const bodyHandle = await frame.$('body');
const html = await frame.evaluate(([body, suffix]) => body.innerHTML + suffix, [bodyHandle, 'hello']);
await bodyHandle.dispose();
param: Frame.evaluate.pageFunction
pageFunction
<[function]|[string]>
Function to be evaluated in browser context
param: Frame.evaluate.arg
arg
<[EvaluationArgument]>
Optional argument to pass to pageFunction
async method: Frame.evaluateHandle
- returns: <[JSHandle]>
Returns the return value of pageFunction
as in-page object (JSHandle).
The only difference between frame.evaluate
and frame.evaluateHandle
is that frame.evaluateHandle
returns in-page
object (JSHandle).
If the function, passed to the frame.evaluateHandle
, returns a [Promise], then frame.evaluateHandle
would wait for
the promise to resolve and return its value.
const aWindowHandle = await frame.evaluateHandle(() => Promise.resolve(window));
aWindowHandle; // Handle for the window object.
A string can also be passed in instead of a function.
const aHandle = await frame.evaluateHandle('document'); // Handle for the 'document'.
[JSHandle] instances can be passed as an argument to the frame.evaluateHandle
:
const aHandle = await frame.evaluateHandle(() => document.body);
const resultHandle = await frame.evaluateHandle(([body, suffix]) => body.innerHTML + suffix, [aHandle, 'hello']);
console.log(await resultHandle.jsonValue());
await resultHandle.dispose();
param: Frame.evaluateHandle.pageFunction
pageFunction
<[function]|[string]>
Function to be evaluated in the page context
param: Frame.evaluateHandle.arg
arg
<[EvaluationArgument]>
Optional argument to pass to pageFunction
async method: Frame.fill
This method waits for an element matching selector
, waits for actionability checks, focuses the
element, fills it and triggers an input
event after filling. If the element matching selector
is not an <input>
,
<textarea>
or [contenteditable]
element, this method throws an error. Note that you can pass an empty string to
clear the input field.
To send fine-grained keyboard events, use frame.type().
param: Frame.fill.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
param: Frame.fill.value
value
<[string]>
Value to fill for the <input>
, <textarea>
or [contenteditable]
element.
option: Frame.fill.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: Frame.fill.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Frame.focus
This method fetches an element with selector
and focuses it. If there's no element matching selector
, the method
waits until a matching element appears in the DOM.
param: Frame.focus.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
option: Frame.focus.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Frame.frameElement
- returns: <[ElementHandle]>
Returns the frame
or iframe
element handle which corresponds to this frame.
This is an inverse of elementHandle.contentFrame(). Note that returned handle actually belongs to the parent frame.
This method throws an error if the frame has been detached before frameElement()
returns.
const frameElement = await frame.frameElement();
const contentFrame = await frameElement.contentFrame();
console.log(frame === contentFrame); // -> true
async method: Frame.getAttribute
- returns: <[null]|[string]>
Returns element attribute value.
param: Frame.getAttribute.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
param: Frame.getAttribute.name
name
<[string]>
Attribute name to get the value for.
option: Frame.getAttribute.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Frame.goto
- returns: <[null]|[Response]>
Returns the main resource response. In case of multiple redirects, the navigation will resolve with the response of the last redirect.
frame.goto
will throw an error if:
- there's an SSL error (e.g. in case of self-signed certificates).
- target URL is invalid.
- the
timeout
is exceeded during navigation. - the remote server does not respond or is unreachable.
- the main resource failed to load.
frame.goto
will not throw an error when any valid HTTP status code is returned by the remote server, including 404
"Not Found" and 500 "Internal Server Error". The status code for such responses can be retrieved by calling
response.status().
Note
frame.goto
either throws an error or returns a main resource response. The only exceptions are navigation toabout:blank
or navigation to the same URL with a different hash, which would succeed and returnnull
. NOTE Headless mode doesn't support navigation to a PDF document. See the upstream issue.
param: Frame.goto.url
url
<[string]>
URL to navigate frame to. The url should include scheme, e.g. https://
.
option: Frame.goto.timeout = %%-navigation-timeout-%%
option: Frame.goto.waitUntil = %%-navigation-wait-until-%%
option: Frame.goto.referer
referer
<[string]>
Referer header value. If provided it will take preference over the referer header value set by page.setExtraHTTPHeaders().
async method: Frame.hover
This method hovers over an element matching selector
by performing the following steps:
- Find an element match matching
selector
. If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM. - Wait for actionability checks on the matched element, unless
force
option is set. If the element is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried. - Scroll the element into view if needed.
- Use page.mouse to hover over the center of the element, or the specified
position
. - Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless
noWaitAfter
option is set.
When all steps combined have not finished during the specified timeout
, this method rejects with a [TimeoutError].
Passing zero timeout disables this.
param: Frame.hover.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
option: Frame.hover.position = %%-input-position-%%
option: Frame.hover.modifiers = %%-input-modifiers-%%
option: Frame.hover.force = %%-input-force-%%
option: Frame.hover.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Frame.innerHTML
- returns: <[string]>
Resolves to the element.innerHTML
.
param: Frame.innerHTML.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
option: Frame.innerHTML.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Frame.innerText
- returns: <[string]>
Resolves to the element.innerText
.
param: Frame.innerText.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
option: Frame.innerText.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
method: Frame.isDetached
- returns: <[boolean]>
Returns true
if the frame has been detached, or false
otherwise.
method: Frame.name
- returns: <[string]>
Returns frame's name attribute as specified in the tag.
If the name is empty, returns the id attribute instead.
Note
This value is calculated once when the frame is created, and will not update if the attribute is changed later.
method: Frame.page
- returns: <[Page]>
Returns the page containing this frame.
method: Frame.parentFrame
- returns: <[null]|[Frame]>
Parent frame, if any. Detached frames and main frames return null
.
async method: Frame.press
key
can specify the intended keyboardEvent.key
value or a single character to generate the text for. A superset of the key
values can be found
here. Examples of the keys are:
F1
- F12
, Digit0
- Digit9
, KeyA
- KeyZ
, Backquote
, Minus
, Equal
, Backslash
, Backspace
, Tab
,
Delete
, Escape
, ArrowDown
, End
, Enter
, Home
, Insert
, PageDown
, PageUp
, ArrowRight
, ArrowUp
, etc.
Following modification shortcuts are also suported: Shift
, Control
, Alt
, Meta
, ShiftLeft
.
Holding down Shift
will type the text that corresponds to the key
in the upper case.
If key
is a single character, it is case-sensitive, so the values a
and A
will generate different respective
texts.
Shortcuts such as key: "Control+o"
or key: "Control+Shift+T"
are supported as well. When speficied with the
modifier, modifier is pressed and being held while the subsequent key is being pressed.
param: Frame.press.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
param: Frame.press.key
key
<[string]>
Name of the key to press or a character to generate, such as ArrowLeft
or a
.
option: Frame.press.delay
delay
<[number]>
Time to wait between keydown
and keyup
in milliseconds. Defaults to 0.
option: Frame.press.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: Frame.press.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Frame.selectOption
- returns: <[Array]<[string]>>
Returns the array of option values that have been successfully selected.
Triggers a change
and input
event once all the provided options have been selected. If there's no <select>
element
matching selector
, the method throws an error.
// single selection matching the value
frame.selectOption('select#colors', 'blue');
// single selection matching both the value and the label
frame.selectOption('select#colors', { label: 'Blue' });
// multiple selection
frame.selectOption('select#colors', 'red', 'green', 'blue');
param: Frame.selectOption.selector = %%-query-selector-%%
param: Frame.selectOption.values
values
<[null]|[string]|[ElementHandle]|[Array]<[string]>|[Object]|[Array]<[ElementHandle]>|[Array]<[Object]>>value
<[string]> Matches byoption.value
.label
<[string]> Matches byoption.label
.index
<[number]> Matches by the index.
Options to select. If the <select>
has the multiple
attribute, all matching options are selected, otherwise only the
first option matching one of the passed options is selected. String values are equivalent to {value:'string'}
. Option
is considered matching if all specified properties match.
option: Frame.selectOption.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: Frame.selectOption.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Frame.setContent
param: Frame.setContent.html
html
<[string]>
HTML markup to assign to the page.
option: Frame.setContent.timeout = %%-navigation-timeout-%%
option: Frame.setContent.waitUntil = %%-navigation-wait-until-%%
async method: Frame.setInputFiles
This method expects selector
to point to an input
element.
Sets the value of the file input to these file paths or files. If some of the filePaths
are relative paths, then they
are resolved relative to the current working directory. For
empty array, clears the selected files.
param: Frame.setInputFiles.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
param: Frame.setInputFiles.files = %%-input-files-%%
option: Frame.setInputFiles.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: Frame.setInputFiles.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Frame.tap
This method taps an element matching selector
by performing the following steps:
- Find an element match matching
selector
. If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM. - Wait for actionability checks on the matched element, unless
force
option is set. If the element is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried. - Scroll the element into view if needed.
- Use page.touchscreen to tap the center of the element, or the specified
position
. - Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless
noWaitAfter
option is set.
When all steps combined have not finished during the specified timeout
, this method rejects with a [TimeoutError].
Passing zero timeout disables this.
Note
frame.tap()
requires that thehasTouch
option of the browser context be set to true.
param: Frame.tap.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
option: Frame.tap.position = %%-input-position-%%
option: Frame.tap.modifiers = %%-input-modifiers-%%
option: Frame.tap.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: Frame.tap.force = %%-input-force-%%
option: Frame.tap.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Frame.textContent
- returns: <[null]|[string]>
Resolves to the element.textContent
.
param: Frame.textContent.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
option: Frame.textContent.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Frame.title
- returns: <[string]>
Returns the page title.
async method: Frame.type
Sends a keydown
, keypress
/input
, and keyup
event for each character in the text. frame.type
can be used to
send fine-grained keyboard events. To fill values in form fields, use frame.fill().
To press a special key, like Control
or ArrowDown
, use keyboard.press().
await frame.type('#mytextarea', 'Hello'); // Types instantly
await frame.type('#mytextarea', 'World', {delay: 100}); // Types slower, like a user
param: Frame.type.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
param: Frame.type.text
text
<[string]>
A text to type into a focused element.
option: Frame.type.delay
delay
<[number]>
Time to wait between key presses in milliseconds. Defaults to 0.
option: Frame.type.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: Frame.type.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Frame.uncheck
This method checks an element matching selector
by performing the following steps:
- Find an element match matching
selector
. If there is none, wait until a matching element is attached to the DOM. - Ensure that matched element is a checkbox or a radio input. If not, this method rejects. If the element is already unchecked, this method returns immediately.
- Wait for actionability checks on the matched element, unless
force
option is set. If the element is detached during the checks, the whole action is retried. - Scroll the element into view if needed.
- Use page.mouse to click in the center of the element.
- Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless
noWaitAfter
option is set. - Ensure that the element is now unchecked. If not, this method rejects.
When all steps combined have not finished during the specified timeout
, this method rejects with a [TimeoutError].
Passing zero timeout disables this.
param: Frame.uncheck.selector = %%-input-selector-%%
option: Frame.uncheck.force = %%-input-force-%%
option: Frame.uncheck.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: Frame.uncheck.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
method: Frame.url
- returns: <[string]>
Returns frame's url.
async method: Frame.waitForFunction
- returns: <[JSHandle]>
Returns when the pageFunction
returns a truthy value. It resolves to a JSHandle of the truthy value.
The waitForFunction
can be used to observe viewport size change:
const { firefox } = require('playwright'); // Or 'chromium' or 'webkit'.
(async () => {
const browser = await firefox.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
const watchDog = page.mainFrame().waitForFunction('window.innerWidth < 100');
page.setViewportSize({width: 50, height: 50});
await watchDog;
await browser.close();
})();
To pass an argument from Node.js to the predicate of frame.waitForFunction
function:
const selector = '.foo';
await frame.waitForFunction(selector => !!document.querySelector(selector), selector);
param: Frame.waitForFunction.pageFunction
pageFunction
<[function]|[string]>
Function to be evaluated in browser context
param: Frame.waitForFunction.arg
arg
<[EvaluationArgument]>
Optional argument to pass to pageFunction
option: Frame.waitForFunction.polling
polling
<[number]|"raf">
If polling
is 'raf'
, then pageFunction
is constantly executed in requestAnimationFrame
callback. If polling
is
a number, then it is treated as an interval in milliseconds at which the function would be executed. Defaults to raf
.
option: Frame.waitForFunction.timeout = %%-wait-for-timeout-%%
async method: Frame.waitForLoadState
Returns when the required load state has been reached.
This resolves when the frame reaches a required load state, load
by default. The navigation must have been committed
when this method is called. If current document has already reached the required state, resolves immediately.
await frame.click('button'); // Click triggers navigation.
await frame.waitForLoadState(); // The promise resolves after 'load' event.
param: Frame.waitForLoadState.state
state
<"load"|"domcontentloaded"|"networkidle">'load'
- wait for theload
event to be fired.'domcontentloaded'
- wait for theDOMContentLoaded
event to be fired.'networkidle'
- wait until there are no network connections for at least500
ms.
Load state to wait for, defaults to load
. If the state has been already reached while loading current document, the
method resolves immediately. Optional.
option: Frame.waitForLoadState.timeout = %%-navigation-timeout-%%
async method: Frame.waitForNavigation
- returns: <[null]|[Response]>
Returns the main resource response. In case of multiple redirects, the navigation will resolve with the response of the
last redirect. In case of navigation to a different anchor or navigation due to History API usage, the navigation will
resolve with null
.
This resolves when the frame navigates to a new URL. It is useful for when you run code which will indirectly cause the frame to navigate. Consider this example:
const [response] = await Promise.all([
frame.waitForNavigation(), // The navigation promise resolves after navigation has finished
frame.click('a.my-link'), // Clicking the link will indirectly cause a navigation
]);
NOTE Usage of the History API to change the URL is considered a navigation.
option: Frame.waitForNavigation.timeout = %%-navigation-timeout-%%
option: Frame.waitForNavigation.url
url
<[string]|[RegExp]|[Function]>
URL string, URL regex pattern or predicate receiving [URL] to match while waiting for the navigation.
option: Frame.waitForNavigation.waitUntil = %%-navigation-wait-until-%%
async method: Frame.waitForSelector
- returns: <[null]|[ElementHandle]>
Returns when element specified by selector satisfies state
option. Resolves to null
if waiting for hidden
or
detached
.
Wait for the selector
to satisfy state
option (either appear/disappear from dom, or become visible/hidden). If at
the moment of calling the method selector
already satisfies the condition, the method will return immediately. If the
selector doesn't satisfy the condition for the timeout
milliseconds, the function will throw.
This method works across navigations:
const { webkit } = require('playwright'); // Or 'chromium' or 'firefox'.
(async () => {
const browser = await webkit.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
let currentURL;
page.mainFrame()
.waitForSelector('img')
.then(() => console.log('First URL with image: ' + currentURL));
for (currentURL of ['https://example.com', 'https://google.com', 'https://bbc.com']) {
await page.goto(currentURL);
}
await browser.close();
})();
param: Frame.waitForSelector.selector = %%-query-selector-%%
option: Frame.waitForSelector.state = %%-wait-for-selector-state-%%
option: Frame.waitForSelector.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: Frame.waitForTimeout
Returns a promise that resolves after the timeout.
Note that frame.waitForTimeout()
should only be used for debugging. Tests using the timer in production are going to
be flaky. Use signals such as network events, selectors becoming visible and others instead.
param: Frame.waitForTimeout.timeout
timeout
<[number]>
A timeout to wait for
class: ElementHandle
- extends: [JSHandle]
ElementHandle represents an in-page DOM element. ElementHandles can be created with the page.$() method.
const { chromium } = require('playwright'); // Or 'firefox' or 'webkit'.
(async () => {
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com');
const hrefElement = await page.$('a');
await hrefElement.click();
// ...
})();
ElementHandle prevents DOM element from garbage collection unless the handle is disposed with jsHandle.dispose(). ElementHandles are auto-disposed when their origin frame gets navigated.
ElementHandle instances can be used as an argument in page.$eval() and page.evaluate() methods.
async method: ElementHandle.$
- returns: <[null]|[ElementHandle]>
The method finds an element matching the specified selector in the ElementHandle
's subtree. See Working with
selectors for more details. If no elements match the selector, the return value resolves to
null
.
param: ElementHandle.$.selector = %%-query-selector-%%
async method: ElementHandle.$$
- returns: <[Array]<[ElementHandle]>>
The method finds all elements matching the specified selector in the ElementHandle
s subtree. See Working with
selectors for more details. If no elements match the selector, the return value resolves to
[]
.
param: ElementHandle.$$.selector = %%-query-selector-%%
async method: ElementHandle.$eval
- returns: <[Serializable]>
Returns the return value of pageFunction
The method finds an element matching the specified selector in the ElementHandle
s subtree and passes it as a first
argument to pageFunction
. See Working with selectors for more details. If no elements match
the selector, the method throws an error.
If pageFunction
returns a [Promise], then frame.$eval
would wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.
Examples:
const tweetHandle = await page.$('.tweet');
expect(await tweetHandle.$eval('.like', node => node.innerText)).toBe('100');
expect(await tweetHandle.$eval('.retweets', node => node.innerText)).toBe('10');
param: ElementHandle.$eval.selector = %%-query-selector-%%
param: ElementHandle.$eval.pageFunction
pageFunction
<[function]([Element])>
Function to be evaluated in browser context
param: ElementHandle.$eval.arg
arg
<[EvaluationArgument]>
Optional argument to pass to pageFunction
async method: ElementHandle.$$eval
- returns: <[Serializable]>
Returns the return value of pageFunction
The method finds all elements matching the specified selector in the ElementHandle
's subtree and passes an array of
matched elements as a first argument to pageFunction
. See Working with selectors for more
details.
If pageFunction
returns a [Promise], then frame.$$eval
would wait for the promise to resolve and return its value.
Examples:
<div class="feed">
<div class="tweet">Hello!</div>
<div class="tweet">Hi!</div>
</div>
const feedHandle = await page.$('.feed');
expect(await feedHandle.$$eval('.tweet', nodes => nodes.map(n => n.innerText))).toEqual(['Hello!', 'Hi!']);
param: ElementHandle.$$eval.selector = %%-query-selector-%%
param: ElementHandle.$$eval.pageFunction
pageFunction
<[function]([Array]<[Element]>)>
Function to be evaluated in browser context
param: ElementHandle.$$eval.arg
arg
<[EvaluationArgument]>
Optional argument to pass to pageFunction
async method: ElementHandle.boundingBox
- returns: <[null]|[Object]>
x
<[number]> the x coordinate of the element in pixels.y
<[number]> the y coordinate of the element in pixels.- width <[number]> the width of the element in pixels.
- height <[number]> the height of the element in pixels.
This method returns the bounding box of the element, or null
if the element is not visible. The bounding box is
calculated relative to the main frame viewport - which is usually the same as the browser window.
Scrolling affects the returned bonding box, similarly to
Element.getBoundingClientRect. That
means x
and/or y
may be negative.
Elements from child frames return the bounding box relative to the main frame, unlike the Element.getBoundingClientRect.
Assuming the page is static, it is safe to use bounding box coordinates to perform input. For example, the following snippet should click the center of the element.
const box = await elementHandle.boundingBox();
await page.mouse.click(box.x + box.width / 2, box.y + box.height / 2);
async method: ElementHandle.check
This method checks the element by performing the following steps:
- Ensure that element is a checkbox or a radio input. If not, this method rejects. If the element is already checked, this method returns immediately.
- Wait for actionability checks on the element, unless
force
option is set. - Scroll the element into view if needed.
- Use page.mouse to click in the center of the element.
- Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless
noWaitAfter
option is set. - Ensure that the element is now checked. If not, this method rejects.
If the element is detached from the DOM at any moment during the action, this method rejects.
When all steps combined have not finished during the specified timeout
, this method rejects with a [TimeoutError].
Passing zero timeout disables this.
option: ElementHandle.check.force = %%-input-force-%%
option: ElementHandle.check.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: ElementHandle.check.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: ElementHandle.click
This method clicks the element by performing the following steps:
- Wait for actionability checks on the element, unless
force
option is set. - Scroll the element into view if needed.
- Use page.mouse to click in the center of the element, or the specified
position
. - Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless
noWaitAfter
option is set.
If the element is detached from the DOM at any moment during the action, this method rejects.
When all steps combined have not finished during the specified timeout
, this method rejects with a [TimeoutError].
Passing zero timeout disables this.
option: ElementHandle.click.button = %%-input-button-%%
option: ElementHandle.click.clickCount = %%-input-click-count-%%
option: ElementHandle.click.delay = %%-input-down-up-delay-%%
option: ElementHandle.click.position = %%-input-position-%%
option: ElementHandle.click.modifiers = %%-input-modifiers-%%
option: ElementHandle.click.force = %%-input-force-%%
option: ElementHandle.click.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: ElementHandle.click.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: ElementHandle.contentFrame
- returns: <[null]|[Frame]>
Returns the content frame for element handles referencing iframe nodes, or null
otherwise
async method: ElementHandle.dblclick
This method double clicks the element by performing the following steps:
- Wait for actionability checks on the element, unless
force
option is set. - Scroll the element into view if needed.
- Use page.mouse to double click in the center of the element, or the specified
position
. - Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless
noWaitAfter
option is set. Note that if the first click of thedblclick()
triggers a navigation event, this method will reject.
If the element is detached from the DOM at any moment during the action, this method rejects.
When all steps combined have not finished during the specified timeout
, this method rejects with a [TimeoutError].
Passing zero timeout disables this.
Note
elementHandle.dblclick()
dispatches twoclick
events and a singledblclick
event.
option: ElementHandle.dblclick.button = %%-input-button-%%
option: ElementHandle.dblclick.delay = %%-input-down-up-delay-%%
option: ElementHandle.dblclick.position = %%-input-position-%%
option: ElementHandle.dblclick.modifiers = %%-input-modifiers-%%
option: ElementHandle.dblclick.force = %%-input-force-%%
option: ElementHandle.dblclick.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: ElementHandle.dblclick.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: ElementHandle.dispatchEvent
The snippet below dispatches the click
event on the element. Regardless of the visibility state of the elment, click
is dispatched. This is equivalend to calling
element.click().
await elementHandle.dispatchEvent('click');
Under the hood, it creates an instance of an event based on the given type
, initializes it with eventInit
properties
and dispatches it on the element. Events are composed
, cancelable
and bubble by default.
Since eventInit
is event-specific, please refer to the events documentation for the lists of initial properties:
You can also specify JSHandle
as the property value if you want live objects to be passed into the event:
// Note you can only create DataTransfer in Chromium and Firefox
const dataTransfer = await page.evaluateHandle(() => new DataTransfer());
await elementHandle.dispatchEvent('dragstart', { dataTransfer });
param: ElementHandle.dispatchEvent.type
type
<[string]>
DOM event type: "click"
, "dragstart"
, etc.
param: ElementHandle.dispatchEvent.eventInit
eventInit
<[EvaluationArgument]>
Optional event-specific initialization properties.
async method: ElementHandle.fill
This method waits for actionability checks, focuses the element, fills it and triggers an input
event after filling. If the element is not an <input>
, <textarea>
or [contenteditable]
element, this method throws
an error. Note that you can pass an empty string to clear the input field.
param: ElementHandle.fill.value
value
<[string]>
Value to set for the <input>
, <textarea>
or [contenteditable]
element.
option: ElementHandle.fill.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: ElementHandle.fill.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: ElementHandle.focus
Calls focus on the element.
async method: ElementHandle.getAttribute
- returns: <[null]|[string]>
Returns element attribute value.
param: ElementHandle.getAttribute.name
name
<[string]>
Attribute name to get the value for.
async method: ElementHandle.hover
This method hovers over the element by performing the following steps:
- Wait for actionability checks on the element, unless
force
option is set. - Scroll the element into view if needed.
- Use page.mouse to hover over the center of the element, or the specified
position
. - Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless
noWaitAfter
option is set.
If the element is detached from the DOM at any moment during the action, this method rejects.
When all steps combined have not finished during the specified timeout
, this method rejects with a [TimeoutError].
Passing zero timeout disables this.
option: ElementHandle.hover.position = %%-input-position-%%
option: ElementHandle.hover.modifiers = %%-input-modifiers-%%
option: ElementHandle.hover.force = %%-input-force-%%
option: ElementHandle.hover.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: ElementHandle.innerHTML
- returns: <[string]>
Returns the element.innerHTML
.
async method: ElementHandle.innerText
- returns: <[string]>
Returns the element.innerText
.
async method: ElementHandle.ownerFrame
- returns: <[null]|[Frame]>
Returns the frame containing the given element.
async method: ElementHandle.press
Focuses the element, and then uses keyboard.down() and keyboard.up().
key
can specify the intended keyboardEvent.key
value or a single character to generate the text for. A superset of the key
values can be found
here. Examples of the keys are:
F1
- F12
, Digit0
- Digit9
, KeyA
- KeyZ
, Backquote
, Minus
, Equal
, Backslash
, Backspace
, Tab
,
Delete
, Escape
, ArrowDown
, End
, Enter
, Home
, Insert
, PageDown
, PageUp
, ArrowRight
, ArrowUp
, etc.
Following modification shortcuts are also suported: Shift
, Control
, Alt
, Meta
, ShiftLeft
.
Holding down Shift
will type the text that corresponds to the key
in the upper case.
If key
is a single character, it is case-sensitive, so the values a
and A
will generate different respective
texts.
Shortcuts such as key: "Control+o"
or key: "Control+Shift+T"
are supported as well. When speficied with the
modifier, modifier is pressed and being held while the subsequent key is being pressed.
param: ElementHandle.press.key
key
<[string]>
Name of the key to press or a character to generate, such as ArrowLeft
or a
.
option: ElementHandle.press.delay
delay
<[number]>
Time to wait between keydown
and keyup
in milliseconds. Defaults to 0.
option: ElementHandle.press.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: ElementHandle.press.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: ElementHandle.screenshot
- returns: <[Buffer]>
Returns the buffer with the captured screenshot.
This method waits for the actionability checks, then scrolls element into view before taking a screenshot. If the element is detached from DOM, the method throws an error.
option: ElementHandle.screenshot.path
path
<[string]>
The file path to save the image to. The screenshot type will be inferred from file extension. If path
is a relative
path, then it is resolved relative to current working
directory. If no path is provided, the image won't be saved to
the disk.
option: ElementHandle.screenshot.type
type
<"png"|"jpeg">
Specify screenshot type, defaults to png
.
option: ElementHandle.screenshot.quality
quality
<[number]>
The quality of the image, between 0-100. Not applicable to png
images.
option: ElementHandle.screenshot.omitBackground
omitBackground
<[boolean]>
Hides default white background and allows capturing screenshots with transparency. Not applicable to jpeg
images.
Defaults to false
.
option: ElementHandle.screenshot.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: ElementHandle.scrollIntoViewIfNeeded
This method waits for actionability checks, then tries to scroll element into view, unless it is
completely visible as defined by
IntersectionObserver's ratio
.
Throws when elementHandle
does not point to an element
connected to a Document or a ShadowRoot.
option: ElementHandle.scrollIntoViewIfNeeded.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: ElementHandle.selectOption
- returns: <[Array]<[string]>>
Returns the array of option values that have been successfully selected.
Triggers a change
and input
event once all the provided options have been selected. If element is not a <select>
element, the method throws an error.
// single selection matching the value
handle.selectOption('blue');
// single selection matching both the value and the label
handle.selectOption({ label: 'Blue' });
// multiple selection
handle.selectOption('red', 'green', 'blue');
// multiple selection for blue, red and second option
handle.selectOption({ value: 'blue' }, { index: 2 }, 'red');
param: ElementHandle.selectOption.values
values
<[null]|[string]|[ElementHandle]|[Array]<[string]>|[Object]|[Array]<[ElementHandle]>|[Array]<[Object]>>value
<[string]> Matches byoption.value
.label
<[string]> Matches byoption.label
.index
<[number]> Matches by the index.
Options to select. If the <select>
has the multiple
attribute, all matching options are selected, otherwise only the
first option matching one of the passed options is selected. String values are equivalent to {value:'string'}
. Option
is considered matching if all specified properties match.
option: ElementHandle.selectOption.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: ElementHandle.selectOption.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: ElementHandle.selectText
This method waits for actionability checks, then focuses the element and selects all its text content.
option: ElementHandle.selectText.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: ElementHandle.setInputFiles
This method expects elementHandle
to point to an input
element.
Sets the value of the file input to these file paths or files. If some of the filePaths
are relative paths, then they
are resolved relative to the current working directory. For
empty array, clears the selected files.
param: ElementHandle.setInputFiles.files = %%-input-files-%%
option: ElementHandle.setInputFiles.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: ElementHandle.setInputFiles.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: ElementHandle.tap
This method taps the element by performing the following steps:
- Wait for actionability checks on the element, unless
force
option is set. - Scroll the element into view if needed.
- Use page.touchscreen to tap in the center of the element, or the specified
position
. - Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless
noWaitAfter
option is set.
If the element is detached from the DOM at any moment during the action, this method rejects.
When all steps combined have not finished during the specified timeout
, this method rejects with a [TimeoutError].
Passing zero timeout disables this.
Note
elementHandle.tap()
requires that thehasTouch
option of the browser context be set to true.
option: ElementHandle.tap.position = %%-input-position-%%
option: ElementHandle.tap.modifiers = %%-input-modifiers-%%
option: ElementHandle.tap.force = %%-input-force-%%
option: ElementHandle.tap.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: ElementHandle.tap.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: ElementHandle.textContent
- returns: <[null]|[string]>
Returns the node.textContent
.
method: ElementHandle.toString
- returns: <[string]>
async method: ElementHandle.type
Focuses the element, and then sends a keydown
, keypress
/input
, and keyup
event for each character in the text.
To press a special key, like Control
or ArrowDown
, use elementHandle.press().
await elementHandle.type('Hello'); // Types instantly
await elementHandle.type('World', {delay: 100}); // Types slower, like a user
An example of typing into a text field and then submitting the form:
const elementHandle = await page.$('input');
await elementHandle.type('some text');
await elementHandle.press('Enter');
param: ElementHandle.type.text
text
<[string]>
A text to type into a focused element.
option: ElementHandle.type.delay
delay
<[number]>
Time to wait between key presses in milliseconds. Defaults to 0.
option: ElementHandle.type.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: ElementHandle.type.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: ElementHandle.uncheck
This method checks the element by performing the following steps:
- Ensure that element is a checkbox or a radio input. If not, this method rejects. If the element is already unchecked, this method returns immediately.
- Wait for actionability checks on the element, unless
force
option is set. - Scroll the element into view if needed.
- Use page.mouse to click in the center of the element.
- Wait for initiated navigations to either succeed or fail, unless
noWaitAfter
option is set. - Ensure that the element is now unchecked. If not, this method rejects.
If the element is detached from the DOM at any moment during the action, this method rejects.
When all steps combined have not finished during the specified timeout
, this method rejects with a [TimeoutError].
Passing zero timeout disables this.
option: ElementHandle.uncheck.force = %%-input-force-%%
option: ElementHandle.uncheck.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: ElementHandle.uncheck.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: ElementHandle.waitForElementState
Returns the element satisfies the state
.
Depending on the state
parameter, this method waits for one of the actionability checks to pass.
This method throws when the element is detached while waiting, unless waiting for the "hidden"
state.
"visible"
Wait until the element is visible."hidden"
Wait until the element is not visible or not attached. Note that waiting for hidden does not throw when the element detaches."stable"
Wait until the element is both visible and stable."enabled"
Wait until the element is enabled."disabled"
Wait until the element is not enabled.
If the element does not satisfy the condition for the timeout
milliseconds, this method will throw.
param: ElementHandle.waitForElementState.state
state
<"visible"|"hidden"|"stable"|"enabled"|"disabled">
A state to wait for, see below for more details.
option: ElementHandle.waitForElementState.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
async method: ElementHandle.waitForSelector
- returns: <[null]|[ElementHandle]>
Returns element specified by selector satisfies state
option. Resolves to null
if waiting for hidden
or
detached
.
Wait for the selector
relative to the element handle to satisfy state
option (either appear/disappear from dom, or
become visible/hidden). If at the moment of calling the method selector
already satisfies the condition, the method
will return immediately. If the selector doesn't satisfy the condition for the timeout
milliseconds, the function will
throw.
await page.setContent(`<div><span></span></div>`);
const div = await page.$('div');
// Waiting for the 'span' selector relative to the div.
const span = await div.waitForSelector('span', { state: 'attached' });
Note
This method does not work across navigations, use page.waitForSelector() instead.
param: ElementHandle.waitForSelector.selector = %%-query-selector-%%
option: ElementHandle.waitForSelector.state = %%-wait-for-selector-state-%%
option: ElementHandle.waitForSelector.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
class: JSHandle
JSHandle represents an in-page JavaScript object. JSHandles can be created with the page.evaluateHandle() method.
const windowHandle = await page.evaluateHandle(() => window);
// ...
JSHandle prevents the referenced JavaScript object being garbage collected unless the handle is exposed with jsHandle.dispose(). JSHandles are auto-disposed when their origin frame gets navigated or the parent context gets destroyed.
JSHandle instances can be used as an argument in page.$eval(), page.evaluate() and page.evaluateHandle() methods.
method: JSHandle.asElement
- returns: <[null]|[ElementHandle]>
Returns either null
or the object handle itself, if the object handle is an instance of [ElementHandle].
async method: JSHandle.dispose
The jsHandle.dispose
method stops referencing the element handle.
async method: JSHandle.evaluate
- returns: <[Serializable]>
Returns the return value of pageFunction
This method passes this handle as the first argument to pageFunction
.
If pageFunction
returns a [Promise], then handle.evaluate
would wait for the promise to resolve and return its
value.
Examples:
const tweetHandle = await page.$('.tweet .retweets');
expect(await tweetHandle.evaluate((node, suffix) => node.innerText, ' retweets')).toBe('10 retweets');
param: JSHandle.evaluate.pageFunction
pageFunction
<[function]>
Function to be evaluated in browser context
param: JSHandle.evaluate.arg
arg
<[EvaluationArgument]>
Optional argument to pass to pageFunction
async method: JSHandle.evaluateHandle
- returns: <[JSHandle]>
Returns the return value of pageFunction
as in-page object (JSHandle).
This method passes this handle as the first argument to pageFunction
.
The only difference between jsHandle.evaluate
and jsHandle.evaluateHandle
is that jsHandle.evaluateHandle
returns
in-page object (JSHandle).
If the function passed to the jsHandle.evaluateHandle
returns a [Promise], then jsHandle.evaluateHandle
would wait
for the promise to resolve and return its value.
See page.evaluateHandle() for more details.
param: JSHandle.evaluateHandle.pageFunction
pageFunction
<[function]|[string]>
Function to be evaluated
param: JSHandle.evaluateHandle.arg
arg
<[EvaluationArgument]>
Optional argument to pass to pageFunction
async method: JSHandle.getProperties
- returns: <[Map]<[string], [JSHandle]>>
The method returns a map with own property names as keys and JSHandle instances for the property values.
const handle = await page.evaluateHandle(() => ({window, document}));
const properties = await handle.getProperties();
const windowHandle = properties.get('window');
const documentHandle = properties.get('document');
await handle.dispose();
async method: JSHandle.getProperty
- returns: <[JSHandle]>
Fetches a single property from the referenced object.
param: JSHandle.getProperty.propertyName
propertyName
<[string]>
property to get
async method: JSHandle.jsonValue
- returns: <[Serializable]>
Returns a JSON representation of the object. If the object has a
toJSON
function, it will not be called.
Note
The method will return an empty JSON object if the referenced object is not stringifiable. It will throw an error if the object has circular references.
class: ConsoleMessage
[ConsoleMessage] objects are dispatched by page via the page.on('console') event.
method: ConsoleMessage.args
- returns: <[Array]<[JSHandle]>>
method: ConsoleMessage.location
- returns: <[Object]>
url
<[string]> URL of the resource if available, otherwise empty string.lineNumber
<[number]> 0-based line number in the resource.columnNumber
<[number]> 0-based column number in the resource.
method: ConsoleMessage.text
- returns: <[string]>
method: ConsoleMessage.type
- returns: <[string]>
One of the following values: 'log'
, 'debug'
, 'info'
, 'error'
, 'warning'
, 'dir'
, 'dirxml'
, 'table'
,
'trace'
, 'clear'
, 'startGroup'
, 'startGroupCollapsed'
, 'endGroup'
, 'assert'
, 'profile'
, 'profileEnd'
,
'count'
, 'timeEnd'
.
class: Dialog
[Dialog] objects are dispatched by page via the page.on('dialog') event.
An example of using Dialog
class:
const { chromium } = require('playwright'); // Or 'firefox' or 'webkit'.
(async () => {
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
page.on('dialog', async dialog => {
console.log(dialog.message());
await dialog.dismiss();
await browser.close();
});
page.evaluate(() => alert('1'));
})();
async method: Dialog.accept
Returns when the dialog has been accepted.
param: Dialog.accept.promptText
promptText
<[string]>
A text to enter in prompt. Does not cause any effects if the dialog's type
is not prompt. Optional.
method: Dialog.defaultValue
- returns: <[string]>
If dialog is prompt, returns default prompt value. Otherwise, returns empty string.
async method: Dialog.dismiss
Returns when the dialog has been dismissed.
method: Dialog.message
- returns: <[string]>
A message displayed in the dialog.
method: Dialog.type
- returns: <[string]>
Returns dialog's type, can be one of alert
, beforeunload
, confirm
or prompt
.
class: Download
[Download] objects are dispatched by page via the page.on('download') event.
All the downloaded files belonging to the browser context are deleted when the browser context is closed. All downloaded files are deleted when the browser closes.
Download event is emitted once the download starts. Download path becomes available once download completes:
const [ download ] = await Promise.all([
page.waitForEvent('download'), // wait for download to start
page.click('a')
]);
// wait for download to complete
const path = await download.path();
...
Note
Browser context must be created with the
acceptDownloads
set totrue
when user needs access to the downloaded content. IfacceptDownloads
is not set or set tofalse
, download events are emitted, but the actual download is not performed and user has no access to the downloaded files.
async method: Download.createReadStream
- returns: <[null]|[Readable]>
Returns readable stream for current download or null
if download failed.
async method: Download.delete
Deletes the downloaded file.
async method: Download.failure
- returns: <[null]|[string]>
Returns download error if any.
async method: Download.path
- returns: <[null]|[string]>
Returns path to the downloaded file in case of successful download.
async method: Download.saveAs
Saves the download to a user-specified path.
param: Download.saveAs.path
path
<[string]>
Path where the download should be saved.
method: Download.suggestedFilename
- returns: <[string]>
Returns suggested filename for this download. It is typically computed by the browser from the
Content-Disposition
response header
or the download
attribute. See the spec on whatwg. Different
browsers can use different logic for computing it.
method: Download.url
- returns: <[string]>
Returns downloaded url.
class: Video
When browser context is created with the videosPath
option, each page has a video object associated with it.
console.log(await page.video().path());
async method: Video.path
- returns: <[string]>
Returns the file system path this video will be recorded to. The video is guaranteed to be written to the filesystem upon closing the browser context.
class: FileChooser
[FileChooser] objects are dispatched by the page in the page.on('filechooser') event.
page.on('filechooser', async (fileChooser) => {
await fileChooser.setFiles('/tmp/myfile.pdf');
});
method: FileChooser.element
- returns: <[ElementHandle]>
Returns input element associated with this file chooser.
method: FileChooser.isMultiple
- returns: <[boolean]>
Returns whether this file chooser accepts multiple files.
method: FileChooser.page
- returns: <[Page]>
Returns page this file chooser belongs to.
async method: FileChooser.setFiles
Sets the value of the file input this chooser is associated with. If some of the filePaths
are relative paths, then
they are resolved relative to the current working directory.
For empty array, clears the selected files.
param: FileChooser.setFiles.files = %%-input-files-%%
option: FileChooser.setFiles.noWaitAfter = %%-input-no-wait-after-%%
option: FileChooser.setFiles.timeout = %%-input-timeout-%%
class: Keyboard
Keyboard provides an api for managing a virtual keyboard. The high level api is keyboard.type(), which takes raw characters and generates proper keydown, keypress/input, and keyup events on your page.
For finer control, you can use keyboard.down(), keyboard.up(), and keyboard.insertText() to manually fire events as if they were generated from a real keyboard.
An example of holding down Shift
in order to select and delete some text:
await page.keyboard.type('Hello World!');
await page.keyboard.press('ArrowLeft');
await page.keyboard.down('Shift');
for (let i = 0; i < ' World'.length; i++)
await page.keyboard.press('ArrowLeft');
await page.keyboard.up('Shift');
await page.keyboard.press('Backspace');
// Result text will end up saying 'Hello!'
An example of pressing uppercase A
await page.keyboard.press('Shift+KeyA');
// or
await page.keyboard.press('Shift+A');
An example to trigger select-all with the keyboard
// on Windows and Linux
await page.keyboard.press('Control+A');
// on macOS
await page.keyboard.press('Meta+A');
async method: Keyboard.down
Dispatches a keydown
event.
key
can specify the intended keyboardEvent.key
value or a single character to generate the text for. A superset of the key
values can be found
here. Examples of the keys are:
F1
- F12
, Digit0
- Digit9
, KeyA
- KeyZ
, Backquote
, Minus
, Equal
, Backslash
, Backspace
, Tab
,
Delete
, Escape
, ArrowDown
, End
, Enter
, Home
, Insert
, PageDown
, PageUp
, ArrowRight
, ArrowUp
, etc.
Following modification shortcuts are also suported: Shift
, Control
, Alt
, Meta
, ShiftLeft
.
Holding down Shift
will type the text that corresponds to the key
in the upper case.
If key
is a single character, it is case-sensitive, so the values a
and A
will generate different respective
texts.
If key
is a modifier key, Shift
, Meta
, Control
, or Alt
, subsequent key presses will be sent with that modifier
active. To release the modifier key, use keyboard.up().
After the key is pressed once, subsequent calls to keyboard.down() will have repeat set to true. To release the key, use keyboard.up().
Note
Modifier keys DO influence
keyboard.down
. Holding downShift
will type the text in upper case.
param: Keyboard.down.key
key
<[string]>
Name of the key to press or a character to generate, such as ArrowLeft
or a
.
async method: Keyboard.insertText
Dispatches only input
event, does not emit the keydown
, keyup
or keypress
events.
page.keyboard.insertText('嗨');
Note
Modifier keys DO NOT effect
keyboard.insertText
. Holding downShift
will not type the text in upper case.
param: Keyboard.insertText.text
text
<[string]>
Sets input to the specified text value.
async method: Keyboard.press
key
can specify the intended keyboardEvent.key
value or a single character to generate the text for. A superset of the key
values can be found
here. Examples of the keys are:
F1
- F12
, Digit0
- Digit9
, KeyA
- KeyZ
, Backquote
, Minus
, Equal
, Backslash
, Backspace
, Tab
,
Delete
, Escape
, ArrowDown
, End
, Enter
, Home
, Insert
, PageDown
, PageUp
, ArrowRight
, ArrowUp
, etc.
Following modification shortcuts are also suported: Shift
, Control
, Alt
, Meta
, ShiftLeft
.
Holding down Shift
will type the text that corresponds to the key
in the upper case.
If key
is a single character, it is case-sensitive, so the values a
and A
will generate different respective
texts.
Shortcuts such as key: "Control+o"
or key: "Control+Shift+T"
are supported as well. When speficied with the
modifier, modifier is pressed and being held while the subsequent key is being pressed.
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto('https://keycode.info');
await page.keyboard.press('A');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'A.png' });
await page.keyboard.press('ArrowLeft');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'ArrowLeft.png' });
await page.keyboard.press('Shift+O');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'O.png' });
await browser.close();
Shortcut for keyboard.down() and keyboard.up().
param: Keyboard.press.key
key
<[string]>
Name of the key to press or a character to generate, such as ArrowLeft
or a
.
option: Keyboard.press.delay
delay
<[number]>
Time to wait between keydown
and keyup
in milliseconds. Defaults to 0.
async method: Keyboard.type
Sends a keydown
, keypress
/input
, and keyup
event for each character in the text.
To press a special key, like Control
or ArrowDown
, use keyboard.press().
await page.keyboard.type('Hello'); // Types instantly
await page.keyboard.type('World', {delay: 100}); // Types slower, like a user
Note
Modifier keys DO NOT effect
keyboard.type
. Holding downShift
will not type the text in upper case.
param: Keyboard.type.text
text
<[string]>
A text to type into a focused element.
option: Keyboard.type.delay
delay
<[number]>
Time to wait between key presses in milliseconds. Defaults to 0.
async method: Keyboard.up
Dispatches a keyup
event.
param: Keyboard.up.key
key
<[string]>
Name of the key to press or a character to generate, such as ArrowLeft
or a
.
class: Mouse
The Mouse class operates in main-frame CSS pixels relative to the top-left corner of the viewport.
Every page
object has its own Mouse, accessible with page.mouse.
// Using ‘page.mouse’ to trace a 100x100 square.
await page.mouse.move(0, 0);
await page.mouse.down();
await page.mouse.move(0, 100);
await page.mouse.move(100, 100);
await page.mouse.move(100, 0);
await page.mouse.move(0, 0);
await page.mouse.up();
async method: Mouse.click
Shortcut for mouse.move(), mouse.down(), mouse.up().
param: Mouse.click.x
x
<[number]>
param: Mouse.click.y
y
<[number]>
option: Mouse.click.button = %%-input-button-%%
option: Mouse.click.clickCount = %%-input-click-count-%%
option: Mouse.click.delay = %%-input-down-up-delay-%%
async method: Mouse.dblclick
Shortcut for mouse.move(), mouse.down(), mouse.up(), mouse.down() and mouse.up().
param: Mouse.dblclick.x
x
<[number]>
param: Mouse.dblclick.y
y
<[number]>
option: Mouse.dblclick.button = %%-input-button-%%
option: Mouse.dblclick.delay = %%-input-down-up-delay-%%
async method: Mouse.down
Dispatches a mousedown
event.
option: Mouse.down.button = %%-input-button-%%
option: Mouse.down.clickCount = %%-input-click-count-%%
async method: Mouse.move
Dispatches a mousemove
event.
param: Mouse.move.x
x
<[number]>
param: Mouse.move.y
y
<[number]>
option: Mouse.move.steps
steps
<[number]>
defaults to 1. Sends intermediate mousemove
events.
async method: Mouse.up
Dispatches a mouseup
event.
option: Mouse.up.button = %%-input-button-%%
option: Mouse.up.clickCount = %%-input-click-count-%%
class: Touchscreen
The Touchscreen class operates in main-frame CSS pixels relative to the top-left corner of the viewport. Methods on the
touchscreen can only be used in browser contexts that have been intialized with hasTouch
set to true.
async method: Touchscreen.tap
Dispatches a touchstart
and touchend
event with a single touch at the position (x
,y
).
param: Touchscreen.tap.x
x
<[number]>
param: Touchscreen.tap.y
y
<[number]>
class: Request
Whenever the page sends a request for a network resource the following sequence of events are emitted by [Page]:
- page.on('request') emitted when the request is issued by the page.
- page.on('response') emitted when/if the response status and headers are received for the request.
- page.on('requestfinished') emitted when the response body is downloaded and the request is complete.
If request fails at some point, then instead of 'requestfinished'
event (and possibly instead of 'response' event),
the page.on('requestfailed') event is emitted.
Note
HTTP Error responses, such as 404 or 503, are still successful responses from HTTP standpoint, so request will complete with
'requestfinished'
event.
If request gets a 'redirect' response, the request is successfully finished with the 'requestfinished' event, and a new request is issued to a redirected url.
method: Request.failure
- returns: <[null]|[Object]>
errorText
<[string]> Human-readable error message, e.g.'net::ERR_FAILED'
.
The method returns null
unless this request has failed, as reported by requestfailed
event.
Example of logging of all the failed requests:
page.on('requestfailed', request => {
console.log(request.url() + ' ' + request.failure().errorText);
});
method: Request.frame
- returns: <[Frame]>
Returns the [Frame] that initiated this request.
method: Request.headers
- returns: <[Object]<[string], [string]>>
An object with HTTP headers associated with the request. All header names are lower-case.
method: Request.isNavigationRequest
- returns: <[boolean]>
Whether this request is driving frame's navigation.
method: Request.method
- returns: <[string]>
Request's method (GET, POST, etc.)
method: Request.postData
- returns: <[null]|[string]>
Request's post body, if any.
method: Request.postDataBuffer
- returns: <[null]|[Buffer]>
Request's post body in a binary form, if any.
method: Request.postDataJSON
- returns: <[null]|[Object]>
Returns parsed request's body for form-urlencoded
and JSON as a fallback if any.
When the response is application/x-www-form-urlencoded
then a key/value object of the values will be returned.
Otherwise it will be parsed as JSON.
method: Request.redirectedFrom
- returns: <[null]|[Request]>
Request that was redirected by the server to this one, if any.
When the server responds with a redirect, Playwright creates a new [Request] object. The two requests are connected by
redirectedFrom()
and redirectedTo()
methods. When multiple server redirects has happened, it is possible to
construct the whole redirect chain by repeatedly calling redirectedFrom()
.
For example, if the website http://example.com
redirects to https://example.com
:
const response = await page.goto('http://example.com');
console.log(response.request().redirectedFrom().url()); // 'http://example.com'
If the website https://google.com
has no redirects:
const response = await page.goto('https://google.com');
console.log(response.request().redirectedFrom()); // null
method: Request.redirectedTo
- returns: <[null]|[Request]>
New request issued by the browser if the server responded with redirect.
This method is the opposite of request.redirectedFrom():
console.log(request.redirectedFrom().redirectedTo() === request); // true
method: Request.resourceType
- returns: <[string]>
Contains the request's resource type as it was perceived by the rendering engine. ResourceType will be one of the
following: document
, stylesheet
, image
, media
, font
, script
, texttrack
, xhr
, fetch
, eventsource
,
websocket
, manifest
, other
.
async method: Request.response
- returns: <[null]|[Response]>
Returns the matching [Response] object, or null
if the response was not received due to error.
method: Request.timing
- returns: <[Object]>
startTime
<[number]> Request start time in milliseconds elapsed since January 1, 1970 00:00:00 UTCdomainLookupStart
<[number]> Time immediately before the browser starts the domain name lookup for the resource. The value is given in milliseconds relative tostartTime
, -1 if not available.domainLookupEnd
<[number]> Time immediately after the browser starts the domain name lookup for the resource. The value is given in milliseconds relative tostartTime
, -1 if not available.connectStart
<[number]> Time immediately before the user agent starts establishing the connection to the server to retrieve the resource. The value is given in milliseconds relative tostartTime
, -1 if not available.secureConnectionStart
<[number]> Time immediately before the browser starts the handshake process to secure the current connection. The value is given in milliseconds relative tostartTime
, -1 if not available.connectEnd
<[number]> Time immediately before the user agent starts establishing the connection to the server to retrieve the resource. The value is given in milliseconds relative tostartTime
, -1 if not available.requestStart
<[number]> Time immediately before the browser starts requesting the resource from the server, cache, or local resource. The value is given in milliseconds relative tostartTime
, -1 if not available.responseStart
<[number]> Time immediately after the browser starts requesting the resource from the server, cache, or local resource. The value is given in milliseconds relative tostartTime
, -1 if not available.responseEnd
<[number]> Time immediately after the browser receives the last byte of the resource or immediately before the transport connection is closed, whichever comes first. The value is given in milliseconds relative tostartTime
, -1 if not available.
Returns resource timing information for given request. Most of the timing values become available upon the response,
responseEnd
becomes available when request finishes. Find more information at Resource Timing
API.
const [request] = await Promise.all([
page.waitForEvent('requestfinished'),
page.goto(httpsServer.EMPTY_PAGE)
]);
console.log(request.timing());
method: Request.url
- returns: <[string]>
URL of the request.
class: Response
[Response] class represents responses which are received by page.
async method: Response.body
- returns: <[Buffer]>
Returns the buffer with response body.
async method: Response.finished
- returns: <[null]|[Error]>
Waits for this response to finish, returns failure error if request failed.
method: Response.frame
- returns: <[Frame]>
Returns the [Frame] that initiated this response.
method: Response.headers
- returns: <[Object]<[string], [string]>>
Returns the object with HTTP headers associated with the response. All header names are lower-case.
async method: Response.json
- returns: <[Serializable]>
Returns the JSON representation of response body.
This method will throw if the response body is not parsable via JSON.parse
.
method: Response.ok
- returns: <[boolean]>
Contains a boolean stating whether the response was successful (status in the range 200-299) or not.
method: Response.request
- returns: <[Request]>
Returns the matching [Request] object.
method: Response.status
- returns: <[number]>
Contains the status code of the response (e.g., 200 for a success).
method: Response.statusText
- returns: <[string]>
Contains the status text of the response (e.g. usually an "OK" for a success).
async method: Response.text
- returns: <[string]>
Returns the text representation of response body.
method: Response.url
- returns: <[string]>
Contains the URL of the response.
class: Selectors
Selectors can be used to install custom selector engines. See Working with selectors for more information.
async method: Selectors.register
An example of registering selector engine that queries elements based on a tag name:
const { selectors, firefox } = require('playwright'); // Or 'chromium' or 'webkit'.
(async () => {
// Must be a function that evaluates to a selector engine instance.
const createTagNameEngine = () => ({
// Creates a selector that matches given target when queried at the root.
// Can return undefined if unable to create one.
create(root, target) {
return root.querySelector(target.tagName) === target ? target.tagName : undefined;
},
// Returns the first element matching given selector in the root's subtree.
query(root, selector) {
return root.querySelector(selector);
},
// Returns all elements matching given selector in the root's subtree.
queryAll(root, selector) {
return Array.from(root.querySelectorAll(selector));
}
});
// Register the engine. Selectors will be prefixed with "tag=".
await selectors.register('tag', createTagNameEngine);
const browser = await firefox.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.setContent(`<div><button>Click me</button></div>`);
// Use the selector prefixed with its name.
const button = await page.$('tag=button');
// Combine it with other selector engines.
await page.click('tag=div >> text="Click me"');
// Can use it in any methods supporting selectors.
const buttonCount = await page.$$eval('tag=button', buttons => buttons.length);
await browser.close();
})();
param: Selectors.register.name
name
<[string]>
Name that is used in selectors as a prefix, e.g. {name: 'foo'}
enables foo=myselectorbody
selectors. May only
contain [a-zA-Z0-9_]
characters.
param: Selectors.register.script
script
<[function]|[string]|[Object]>path
<[string]> Path to the JavaScript file. Ifpath
is a relative path, then it is resolved relative to current working directory.content
<[string]> Raw script content.
Script that evaluates to a selector engine instance.
option: Selectors.register.contentScript
contentScript
<[boolean]>
Whether to run this selector engine in isolated JavaScript environment. This environment has access to the same DOM, but
not any JavaScript objects from the frame's scripts. Defaults to false
. Note that running as a content script is not
guaranteed when this engine is used together with other registered engines.
class: Route
Whenever a network route is set up with page.route() or browserContext.route(), the Route
object allows to
handle the route.
async method: Route.abort
Aborts the route's request.
param: Route.abort.errorCode
errorCode
<[string]>'aborted'
- An operation was aborted (due to user action)'accessdenied'
- Permission to access a resource, other than the network, was denied'addressunreachable'
- The IP address is unreachable. This usually means that there is no route to the specified host or network.'blockedbyclient'
- The client chose to block the request.'blockedbyresponse'
- The request failed because the response was delivered along with requirements which are not met ('X-Frame-Options' and 'Content-Security-Policy' ancestor checks, for instance).'connectionaborted'
- A connection timed out as a result of not receiving an ACK for data sent.'connectionclosed'
- A connection was closed (corresponding to a TCP FIN).'connectionfailed'
- A connection attempt failed.'connectionrefused'
- A connection attempt was refused.'connectionreset'
- A connection was reset (corresponding to a TCP RST).'internetdisconnected'
- The Internet connection has been lost.'namenotresolved'
- The host name could not be resolved.'timedout'
- An operation timed out.'failed'
- A generic failure occurred.
Optional error code. Defaults to failed
, could be one of the following:
async method: Route.continue
Continues route's request with optional overrides.
await page.route('**/*', (route, request) => {
// Override headers
const headers = {
...request.headers(),
foo: 'bar', // set "foo" header
origin: undefined, // remove "origin" header
};
route.continue({headers});
});
param: Route.continue.overrides
overrides
<[Object]>url
<[string]> If set changes the request URL. New URL must have same protocol as original one.method
<[string]> If set changes the request method (e.g. GET or POST)postData
<[string]|[Buffer]> If set changes the post data of requestheaders
<[Object]<[string], [string]>> If set changes the request HTTP headers. Header values will be converted to a string.
Optional request overrides, can override following properties:
async method: Route.fulfill
Fulfills route's request with given response.
An example of fulfilling all requests with 404 responses:
await page.route('**/*', route => {
route.fulfill({
status: 404,
contentType: 'text/plain',
body: 'Not Found!'
});
});
An example of serving static file:
await page.route('**/xhr_endpoint', route => route.fulfill({ path: 'mock_data.json' }));
param: Route.fulfill.response
response
<[Object]>status
<[number]> Response status code, defaults to200
.headers
<[Object]<[string], [string]>> Optional response headers. Header values will be converted to a string.contentType
<[string]> If set, equals to settingContent-Type
response header.body
<[string]|[Buffer]> Optional response body.path
<[string]> Optional file path to respond with. The content type will be inferred from file extension. Ifpath
is a relative path, then it is resolved relative to current working directory.
Response that will fulfill this route's request.
method: Route.request
- returns: <[Request]>
A request to be routed.
class: WebSocket
The [WebSocket] class represents websocket connections in the page.
event: WebSocket.close
Fired when the websocket closes.
event: WebSocket.framereceived
- <[Object]> web socket frame data
payload
<[string]|[Buffer]> frame payload
Fired when the websocket recieves a frame.
event: WebSocket.framesent
- <[Object]> web socket frame data
payload
<[string]|[Buffer]> frame payload
Fired when the websocket sends a frame.
event: WebSocket.socketerror
- <[String]> the error message
Fired when the websocket has an error.
method: WebSocket.isClosed
- returns: <[boolean]>
Indicates that the web socket has been closed.
method: WebSocket.url
- returns: <[string]>
Contains the URL of the WebSocket.
async method: WebSocket.waitForEvent
- returns: <[Object]>
Returns the event data value.
Waits for event to fire and passes its value into the predicate function. Resolves when the predicate returns truthy value. Will throw an error if the webSocket is closed before the event is fired.
param: WebSocket.waitForEvent.event
event
<[string]>
Event name, same one would pass into webSocket.on(event)
.
param: WebSocket.waitForEvent.optionsOrPredicate
optionsOrPredicate
<[Function]|[Object]>predicate
<[Function]> receives the event data and resolves to truthy value when the waiting should resolve.timeout
<[number]> maximum time to wait for in milliseconds. Defaults to30000
(30 seconds). Pass0
to disable timeout. The default value can be changed by using the browserContext.setDefaultTimeout(timeout).
Either a predicate that receives an event or an options object. Optional.
class: TimeoutError
- extends: [Error]
TimeoutError is emitted whenever certain operations are terminated due to timeout, e.g. page.waitForSelector() or browserType.launch().
class: Accessibility
The Accessibility class provides methods for inspecting Chromium's accessibility tree. The accessibility tree is used by assistive technology such as screen readers or switches.
Accessibility is a very platform-specific thing. On different platforms, there are different screen readers that might have wildly different output.
Blink - Chromium's rendering engine - has a concept of "accessibility tree", which is then translated into different platform-specific APIs. Accessibility namespace gives users access to the Blink Accessibility Tree.
Most of the accessibility tree gets filtered out when converting from Blink AX Tree to Platform-specific AX-Tree or by assistive technologies themselves. By default, Playwright tries to approximate this filtering, exposing only the "interesting" nodes of the tree.
async method: Accessibility.snapshot
- returns: <[null]|[Object]>
role
<[string]> The role.name
<[string]> A human readable name for the node.value
<[string]|[number]> The current value of the node, if applicable.description
<[string]> An additional human readable description of the node, if applicable.keyshortcuts
<[string]> Keyboard shortcuts associated with this node, if applicable.roledescription
<[string]> A human readable alternative to the role, if applicable.valuetext
<[string]> A description of the current value, if applicable.disabled
<[boolean]> Whether the node is disabled, if applicable.expanded
<[boolean]> Whether the node is expanded or collapsed, if applicable.focused
<[boolean]> Whether the node is focused, if applicable.modal
<[boolean]> Whether the node is modal, if applicable.multiline
<[boolean]> Whether the node text input supports multiline, if applicable.multiselectable
<[boolean]> Whether more than one child can be selected, if applicable.readonly
<[boolean]> Whether the node is read only, if applicable.required
<[boolean]> Whether the node is required, if applicable.selected
<[boolean]> Whether the node is selected in its parent node, if applicable.checked
<[boolean]|"mixed"> Whether the checkbox is checked, or "mixed", if applicable.pressed
<[boolean]|"mixed"> Whether the toggle button is checked, or "mixed", if applicable.level
<[number]> The level of a heading, if applicable.valuemin
<[number]> The minimum value in a node, if applicable.valuemax
<[number]> The maximum value in a node, if applicable.autocomplete
<[string]> What kind of autocomplete is supported by a control, if applicable.haspopup
<[string]> What kind of popup is currently being shown for a node, if applicable.invalid
<[string]> Whether and in what way this node's value is invalid, if applicable.orientation
<[string]> Whether the node is oriented horizontally or vertically, if applicable.children
<[Array]<[Object]>> Child [AXNode]s of this node, if any, if applicable.
Captures the current state of the accessibility tree. The returned object represents the root accessible node of the page.
Note
The Chromium accessibility tree contains nodes that go unused on most platforms and by most screen readers. Playwright will discard them as well for an easier to process tree, unless
interestingOnly
is set tofalse
.
An example of dumping the entire accessibility tree:
const snapshot = await page.accessibility.snapshot();
console.log(snapshot);
An example of logging the focused node's name:
const snapshot = await page.accessibility.snapshot();
const node = findFocusedNode(snapshot);
console.log(node && node.name);
function findFocusedNode(node) {
if (node.focused)
return node;
for (const child of node.children || []) {
const foundNode = findFocusedNode(child);
return foundNode;
}
return null;
}
option: Accessibility.snapshot.interestingOnly
interestingOnly
<[boolean]>
Prune uninteresting nodes from the tree. Defaults to true
.
option: Accessibility.snapshot.root
root
<[ElementHandle]>
The root DOM element for the snapshot. Defaults to the whole page.
class: Worker
The Worker class represents a WebWorker. worker
event is emitted on the page object to signal a worker creation. close
event is emitted on the worker object when the
worker is gone.
page.on('worker', worker => {
console.log('Worker created: ' + worker.url());
worker.on('close', worker => console.log('Worker destroyed: ' + worker.url()));
});
console.log('Current workers:');
for (const worker of page.workers())
console.log(' ' + worker.url());
event: Worker.close
- <[Worker]>
Emitted when this dedicated WebWorker is terminated.
async method: Worker.evaluate
- returns: <[Serializable]>
Returns the return value of pageFunction
If the function passed to the worker.evaluate
returns a [Promise], then worker.evaluate
would wait for the promise
to resolve and return its value.
If the function passed to the worker.evaluate
returns a non-[Serializable] value, then worker.evaluate
resolves to
undefined
. DevTools Protocol also supports transferring some additional values that are not serializable by JSON
:
-0
, NaN
, Infinity
, -Infinity
, and bigint literals.
param: Worker.evaluate.pageFunction
pageFunction
<[function]|[string]>
Function to be evaluated in the worker context
param: Worker.evaluate.arg
arg
<[EvaluationArgument]>
Optional argument to pass to pageFunction
async method: Worker.evaluateHandle
- returns: <[JSHandle]>
Returns the return value of pageFunction
as in-page object (JSHandle).
The only difference between worker.evaluate
and worker.evaluateHandle
is that worker.evaluateHandle
returns
in-page object (JSHandle).
If the function passed to the worker.evaluateHandle
returns a [Promise], then worker.evaluateHandle
would wait for
the promise to resolve and return its value.
param: Worker.evaluateHandle.pageFunction
pageFunction
<[function]|[string]>
Function to be evaluated in the page context
param: Worker.evaluateHandle.arg
arg
<[EvaluationArgument]>
Optional argument to pass to pageFunction
method: Worker.url
- returns: <[string]>
class: BrowserServer
event: BrowserServer.close
Emitted when the browser server closes.
async method: BrowserServer.close
Closes the browser gracefully and makes sure the process is terminated.
async method: BrowserServer.kill
Kills the browser process and waits for the process to exit.
method: BrowserServer.process
- returns: <[ChildProcess]>
Spawned browser application process.
method: BrowserServer.wsEndpoint
- returns: <[string]>
Browser websocket url.
Browser websocket endpoint which can be used as an argument to browserType.connect() to establish connection to the browser.
class: BrowserType
BrowserType provides methods to launch a specific browser instance or connect to an existing one. The following is a typical example of using Playwright to drive automation:
const { chromium } = require('playwright'); // Or 'firefox' or 'webkit'.
(async () => {
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto('https://example.com');
// other actions...
await browser.close();
})();
async method: BrowserType.connect
- returns: <[Browser]>
This methods attaches Playwright to an existing browser instance.
param: BrowserType.connect.params
params
<[Object]>wsEndpoint
<[string]> A browser websocket endpoint to connect to. requiredslowMo
<[number]> Slows down Playwright operations by the specified amount of milliseconds. Useful so that you can see what is going on. Defaults to 0.logger
<[Logger]> Logger sink for Playwright logging.timeout
<[number]> Maximum time in milliseconds to wait for the connection to be established. Defaults to30000
(30 seconds). Pass0
to disable timeout.
method: BrowserType.executablePath
- returns: <[string]>
A path where Playwright expects to find a bundled browser executable.
async method: BrowserType.launch
- returns: <[Browser]>
Returns the browser instance.
You can use ignoreDefaultArgs
to filter out --mute-audio
from default arguments:
const browser = await chromium.launch({ // Or 'firefox' or 'webkit'.
ignoreDefaultArgs: ['--mute-audio']
});
Chromium-only Playwright can also be used to control the Chrome browser, but it works best with the version of Chromium it is bundled with. There is no guarantee it will work with any other version. Use
executablePath
option with extreme caution.If Google Chrome (rather than Chromium) is preferred, a Chrome Canary or Dev Channel build is suggested.
In browserType.launch() above, any mention of Chromium also applies to Chrome.
See
this article
for a description of the differences between Chromium and Chrome.This article
describes some differences for Linux users.
option: BrowserType.launch.headless
headless
<[boolean]>
Whether to run browser in headless mode. More details for
Chromium and
Firefox. Defaults to true
unless the
devtools
option is true
.
option: BrowserType.launch.executablePath
executablePath
<[string]>
Path to a browser executable to run instead of the bundled one. If executablePath
is a relative path, then it is
resolved relative to current working directory. Note that
Playwright only works with the bundled Chromium, Firefox or WebKit, use at your own risk.
option: BrowserType.launch.args
args
<[Array]<[string]>>
Additional arguments to pass to the browser instance. The list of Chromium flags can be found here.
option: BrowserType.launch.ignoreDefaultArgs
ignoreDefaultArgs
<[boolean]|[Array]<[string]>>
If true
, Playwright does not pass its own configurations args and only uses the ones from args
. If an array is
given, then filters out the given default arguments. Dangerous option; use with care. Defaults to false
.
option: BrowserType.launch.proxy
proxy
<[Object]>server
<[string]> Proxy to be used for all requests. HTTP and SOCKS proxies are supported, for examplehttp://myproxy.com:3128
orsocks5://myproxy.com:3128
. Short formmyproxy.com:3128
is considered an HTTP proxy.bypass
<[string]> Optional coma-separated domains to bypass proxy, for example".com, chromium.org, .domain.com"
.username
<[string]> Optional username to use if HTTP proxy requires authentication.password
<[string]> Optional password to use if HTTP proxy requires authentication.
Network proxy settings.
option: BrowserType.launch.downloadsPath
downloadsPath
<[string]>
If specified, accepted downloads are downloaded into this directory. Otherwise, temporary directory is created and is deleted when browser is closed.
option: BrowserType.launch.chromiumSandbox
chromiumSandbox
<[boolean]>
Enable Chromium sandboxing. Defaults to false
.
option: BrowserType.launch.firefoxUserPrefs
firefoxUserPrefs
<[Object]<[string], [string]|[number]|[boolean]>>
Firefox user preferences. Learn more about the Firefox user preferences at
about:config
.
option: BrowserType.launch.handleSIGINT
handleSIGINT
<[boolean]>
Close the browser process on Ctrl-C. Defaults to true
.
option: BrowserType.launch.handleSIGTERM
handleSIGTERM
<[boolean]>
Close the browser process on SIGTERM. Defaults to true
.
option: BrowserType.launch.handleSIGHUP
handleSIGHUP
<[boolean]>
Close the browser process on SIGHUP. Defaults to true
.
option: BrowserType.launch.logger
logger
<[Logger]>
Logger sink for Playwright logging.
option: BrowserType.launch.timeout
timeout
<[number]>
Maximum time in milliseconds to wait for the browser instance to start. Defaults to 30000
(30 seconds). Pass 0
to
disable timeout.
option: BrowserType.launch.env
env
<[Object]<[string], [string]|[number]|[boolean]>>
Specify environment variables that will be visible to the browser. Defaults to process.env
.
option: BrowserType.launch.devtools
devtools
<[boolean]>
Chromium-only Whether to auto-open a Developer Tools panel for each tab. If this option is true
, the headless
option will be set false
.
option: BrowserType.launch.slowMo
slowMo
<[number]>
Slows down Playwright operations by the specified amount of milliseconds. Useful so that you can see what is going on.
async method: BrowserType.launchPersistentContext
- returns: <[BrowserContext]>
Returns the persistent browser context instance.
Launches browser that uses persistent storage located at userDataDir
and returns the only context. Closing this
context will automatically close the browser.
param: BrowserType.launchPersistentContext.userDataDir
userDataDir
<[string]>
Path to a User Data Directory, which stores browser session data like cookies and local storage. More details for Chromium and Firefox.
option: BrowserType.launchPersistentContext.headless
headless
<[boolean]>
Whether to run browser in headless mode. More details for
Chromium and
Firefox. Defaults to true
unless the
devtools
option is true
.
option: BrowserType.launchPersistentContext.executablePath
executablePath
<[string]>
Path to a browser executable to run instead of the bundled one. If executablePath
is a relative path, then it is
resolved relative to current working directory. BEWARE:
Playwright is only guaranteed to work with the bundled Chromium, Firefox or WebKit, use at your own risk.
option: BrowserType.launchPersistentContext.args
args
<[Array]<[string]>>
Additional arguments to pass to the browser instance. The list of Chromium flags can be found here.
option: BrowserType.launchPersistentContext.ignoreDefaultArgs
ignoreDefaultArgs
<[boolean]|[Array]<[string]>>
If true
, then do not use any of the default arguments. If an array is given, then filter out the given default
arguments. Dangerous option; use with care. Defaults to false
.
option: BrowserType.launchPersistentContext.proxy
proxy
<[Object]>server
<[string]> Proxy to be used for all requests. HTTP and SOCKS proxies are supported, for examplehttp://myproxy.com:3128
orsocks5://myproxy.com:3128
. Short formmyproxy.com:3128
is considered an HTTP proxy.bypass
<[string]> Optional coma-separated domains to bypass proxy, for example".com, chromium.org, .domain.com"
.username
<[string]> Optional username to use if HTTP proxy requires authentication.password
<[string]> Optional password to use if HTTP proxy requires authentication.
Network proxy settings.
option: BrowserType.launchPersistentContext.downloadsPath
downloadsPath
<[string]>
If specified, accepted downloads are downloaded into this directory. Otherwise, temporary directory is created and is deleted when browser is closed.
option: BrowserType.launchPersistentContext.chromiumSandbox
chromiumSandbox
<[boolean]>
Enable Chromium sandboxing. Defaults to true
.
option: BrowserType.launchPersistentContext.handleSIGINT
handleSIGINT
<[boolean]>
Close the browser process on Ctrl-C. Defaults to true
.
option: BrowserType.launchPersistentContext.handleSIGTERM
handleSIGTERM
<[boolean]>
Close the browser process on SIGTERM. Defaults to true
.
option: BrowserType.launchPersistentContext.handleSIGHUP
handleSIGHUP
<[boolean]>
Close the browser process on SIGHUP. Defaults to true
.
option: BrowserType.launchPersistentContext.timeout
timeout
<[number]>
Maximum time in milliseconds to wait for the browser instance to start. Defaults to 30000
(30 seconds). Pass 0
to
disable timeout.
option: BrowserType.launchPersistentContext.env
env
<[Object]<[string], [string]|[number]|[boolean]>>
Specify environment variables that will be visible to the browser. Defaults to process.env
.
option: BrowserType.launchPersistentContext.devtools
devtools
<[boolean]>
Chromium-only Whether to auto-open a Developer Tools panel for each tab. If this option is true
, the headless
option will be set false
.
option: BrowserType.launchPersistentContext.slowMo
slowMo
<[number]>
Slows down Playwright operations by the specified amount of milliseconds. Useful so that you can see what is going on. Defaults to 0.
option: BrowserType.launchPersistentContext.-inline- = %%-shared-context-params-list-%%
async method: BrowserType.launchServer
- returns: <[BrowserServer]>
Returns the browser app instance.
Launches browser server that client can connect to. An example of launching a browser executable and connecting to it later:
const { chromium } = require('playwright'); // Or 'webkit' or 'firefox'.
(async () => {
const browserServer = await chromium.launchServer();
const wsEndpoint = browserServer.wsEndpoint();
// Use web socket endpoint later to establish a connection.
const browser = await chromium.connect({ wsEndpoint });
// Close browser instance.
await browserServer.close();
})();
option: BrowserType.launchServer.headless
headless
<[boolean]>
Whether to run browser in headless mode. More details for
Chromium and
Firefox. Defaults to true
unless the
devtools
option is true
.
option: BrowserType.launchServer.port
port
<[number]>
Port to use for the web socket. Defaults to 0 that picks any available port.
option: BrowserType.launchServer.executablePath
executablePath
<[string]>
Path to a browser executable to run instead of the bundled one. If executablePath
is a relative path, then it is
resolved relative to current working directory. BEWARE:
Playwright is only guaranteed to work with the bundled Chromium, Firefox or WebKit, use at your own risk.
option: BrowserType.launchServer.args
args
<[Array]<[string]>>
Additional arguments to pass to the browser instance. The list of Chromium flags can be found here.
option: BrowserType.launchServer.ignoreDefaultArgs
ignoreDefaultArgs
<[boolean]|[Array]<[string]>>
If true
, then do not use any of the default arguments. If an array is given, then filter out the given default
arguments. Dangerous option; use with care. Defaults to false
.
option: BrowserType.launchServer.proxy
proxy
<[Object]>server
<[string]> Proxy to be used for all requests. HTTP and SOCKS proxies are supported, for examplehttp://myproxy.com:3128
orsocks5://myproxy.com:3128
. Short formmyproxy.com:3128
is considered an HTTP proxy.bypass
<[string]> Optional coma-separated domains to bypass proxy, for example".com, chromium.org, .domain.com"
.username
<[string]> Optional username to use if HTTP proxy requires authentication.password
<[string]> Optional password to use if HTTP proxy requires authentication.
Network proxy settings.
option: BrowserType.launchServer.downloadsPath
downloadsPath
<[string]>
If specified, accepted downloads are downloaded into this directory. Otherwise, temporary directory is created and is deleted when browser is closed.
option: BrowserType.launchServer.chromiumSandbox
chromiumSandbox
<[boolean]>
Enable Chromium sandboxing. Defaults to true
.
option: BrowserType.launchServer.firefoxUserPrefs
firefoxUserPrefs
<[Object]<[string], [string]|[number]|[boolean]>>
Firefox user preferences. Learn more about the Firefox user preferences at
about:config
.
option: BrowserType.launchServer.handleSIGINT
handleSIGINT
<[boolean]>
Close the browser process on Ctrl-C. Defaults to true
.
option: BrowserType.launchServer.handleSIGTERM
handleSIGTERM
<[boolean]>
Close the browser process on SIGTERM. Defaults to true
.
option: BrowserType.launchServer.handleSIGHUP
handleSIGHUP
<[boolean]>
Close the browser process on SIGHUP. Defaults to true
.
option: BrowserType.launchServer.logger
logger
<[Logger]>
Logger sink for Playwright logging.
option: BrowserType.launchServer.timeout
timeout
<[number]>
Maximum time in milliseconds to wait for the browser instance to start. Defaults to 30000
(30 seconds). Pass 0
to
disable timeout.
option: BrowserType.launchServer.env
env
<[Object]<[string], [string]|[number]|[boolean]>>
Specify environment variables that will be visible to the browser. Defaults to process.env
.
option: BrowserType.launchServer.devtools
devtools
<[boolean]>
Chromium-only Whether to auto-open a Developer Tools panel for each tab. If this option is true
, the headless
option will be set false
.
method: BrowserType.name
- returns: <[string]>
Returns browser name. For example: 'chromium'
, 'webkit'
or 'firefox'
.
class: Logger
Playwright generates a lot of logs and they are accessible via the pluggable logger sink.
const { chromium } = require('playwright'); // Or 'firefox' or 'webkit'.
(async () => {
const browser = await chromium.launch({
logger: {
isEnabled: (name, severity) => name === 'browser',
log: (name, severity, message, args) => console.log(`${name} ${message}`)
}
});
...
})();
method: Logger.isEnabled
- returns: <[boolean]>
Determines whether sink is interested in the logger with the given name and severity.
param: Logger.isEnabled.name
name
<[string]>
logger name
param: Logger.isEnabled.severity
severity
<"verbose"|"info"|"warning"|"error">
method: Logger.log
param: Logger.log.name
name
<[string]>
logger name
param: Logger.log.severity
severity
<"verbose"|"info"|"warning"|"error">
param: Logger.log.message
message
<[string]|[Error]>
log message format
param: Logger.log.args
args
<[Array]<[Object]>>
message arguments
param: Logger.log.hints
hints
<[Object]>color
<[string]> preferred logger color
optional formatting hints
class: ChromiumBrowser
- extends: [Browser]
Chromium-specific features including Tracing, service worker support, etc. You can use chromiumBrowser.startTracing() and chromiumBrowser.stopTracing() to create a trace file which can be opened in Chrome DevTools or timeline viewer.
await browser.startTracing(page, {path: 'trace.json'});
await page.goto('https://www.google.com');
await browser.stopTracing();
async method: ChromiumBrowser.newBrowserCDPSession
- returns: <[CDPSession]>
Returns the newly created browser session.
async method: ChromiumBrowser.startTracing
Only one trace can be active at a time per browser.
param: ChromiumBrowser.startTracing.page
page
<[Page]>
Optional, if specified, tracing includes screenshots of the given page.
option: ChromiumBrowser.startTracing.path
path
<[string]>
A path to write the trace file to.
option: ChromiumBrowser.startTracing.screenshots
screenshots
<[boolean]>
captures screenshots in the trace.
option: ChromiumBrowser.startTracing.categories
categories
<[Array]<[string]>>
specify custom categories to use instead of default.
async method: ChromiumBrowser.stopTracing
- returns: <[Buffer]>
Returns the buffer with trace data.
class: ChromiumBrowserContext
- extends: [BrowserContext]
Chromium-specific features including background pages, service worker support, etc.
const backgroundPage = await context.waitForEvent('backgroundpage');
event: ChromiumBrowserContext.backgroundpage
- <[Page]>
Emitted when new background page is created in the context.
Note
Only works with persistent context.
event: ChromiumBrowserContext.serviceworker
- <[Worker]>
Emitted when new service worker is created in the context.
method: ChromiumBrowserContext.backgroundPages
- returns: <[Array]<[Page]>>
All existing background pages in the context.
async method: ChromiumBrowserContext.newCDPSession
- returns: <[CDPSession]>
Returns the newly created session.
param: ChromiumBrowserContext.newCDPSession.page
page
<[Page]>
Page to create new session for.
method: ChromiumBrowserContext.serviceWorkers
- returns: <[Array]<[Worker]>>
All existing service workers in the context.
class: ChromiumCoverage
Coverage gathers information about parts of JavaScript and CSS that were used by the page.
An example of using JavaScript coverage to produce Istambul report for page load:
const { chromium } = require('playwright');
const v8toIstanbul = require('v8-to-istanbul');
(async() => {
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.coverage.startJSCoverage();
await page.goto('https://chromium.org');
const coverage = await page.coverage.stopJSCoverage();
for (const entry of coverage) {
const converter = new v8toIstanbul('', 0, { source: entry.source });
await converter.load();
converter.applyCoverage(entry.functions);
console.log(JSON.stringify(converter.toIstanbul()));
}
await browser.close();
})();
async method: ChromiumCoverage.startCSSCoverage
Returns coverage is started
option: ChromiumCoverage.startCSSCoverage.resetOnNavigation
resetOnNavigation
<[boolean]>
Whether to reset coverage on every navigation. Defaults to true
.
async method: ChromiumCoverage.startJSCoverage
Returns coverage is started
Note
Anonymous scripts are ones that don't have an associated url. These are scripts that are dynamically created on the page using
eval
ornew Function
. IfreportAnonymousScripts
is set totrue
, anonymous scripts will have__playwright_evaluation_script__
as their URL.
option: ChromiumCoverage.startJSCoverage.resetOnNavigation
resetOnNavigation
<[boolean]>
Whether to reset coverage on every navigation. Defaults to true
.
option: ChromiumCoverage.startJSCoverage.reportAnonymousScripts
reportAnonymousScripts
<[boolean]>
Whether anonymous scripts generated by the page should be reported. Defaults to false
.
async method: ChromiumCoverage.stopCSSCoverage
- returns: <[Array]<[Object]>>
url
<[string]> StyleSheet URLtext
<[string]> StyleSheet content, if available.ranges
<[Array]<[Object]>> StyleSheet ranges that were used. Ranges are sorted and non-overlapping.start
<[number]> A start offset in text, inclusiveend
<[number]> An end offset in text, exclusive
Returns the array of coverage reports for all stylesheets
Note
CSS Coverage doesn't include dynamically injected style tags without sourceURLs.
async method: ChromiumCoverage.stopJSCoverage
- returns: <[Array]<[Object]>>
url
<[string]> Script URLscriptId
<[string]> Script IDsource
<[string]> Script content, if applicable.functions
<[Array]<[Object]>> V8-specific coverage format.functionName
<[string]>isBlockCoverage
<[boolean]>ranges
<[Array]<[Object]>>count
<[number]>startOffset
<[number]>endOffset
<[number]>
Returns the array of coverage reports for all scripts
Note
JavaScript Coverage doesn't include anonymous scripts by default. However, scripts with sourceURLs are reported.
class: CDPSession
- extends: EventEmitter
The CDPSession
instances are used to talk raw Chrome Devtools Protocol:
- protocol methods can be called with
session.send
method. - protocol events can be subscribed to with
session.on
method.
Useful links:
- Documentation on DevTools Protocol can be found here: DevTools Protocol Viewer.
- Getting Started with DevTools Protocol: https://github.com/aslushnikov/getting-started-with-cdp/blob/master/README.md
const client = await page.context().newCDPSession(page);
await client.send('Animation.enable');
client.on('Animation.animationCreated', () => console.log('Animation created!'));
const response = await client.send('Animation.getPlaybackRate');
console.log('playback rate is ' + response.playbackRate);
await client.send('Animation.setPlaybackRate', {
playbackRate: response.playbackRate / 2
});
async method: CDPSession.detach
Detaches the CDPSession from the target. Once detached, the CDPSession object won't emit any events and can't be used to send messages.
async method: CDPSession.send
- returns: <[Object]>
param: CDPSession.send.method
method
<[string]>
protocol method name
param: CDPSession.send.params
params
<[Object]>
Optional method parameters
class: FirefoxBrowser
- extends: [Browser]
Firefox browser instance does not expose Firefox-specific features.
class: WebKitBrowser
- extends: [Browser]
WebKit browser instance does not expose WebKit-specific features.